“…By falsification, we mean the use of simple arithmetic or other more advanced mathematical means to check and falsify common belief (like Harvey's mathematical microscope, see Ottesen [1], or the harmonic analysis of Ca 2+ oscillations in Fridlyand and Philipson [20]). By extrapolation we mean the packing of established phenomenology into a precise, intentionally simplified mathematical frame work admitting series of computer simulations or analytical estimates to investigate the rôle of selected parameters (like the Silicon Cell, see Westerhoff et al [2], the mesoscopic simulation of membrane-associated processes, see Shillcock [3]), or the compartment models for different pools of insulin granules in exocytosis preparations, see Toffolo, Pedersen, and Cobelli [4]).…”