Whole-body 35-GHz security scanner

Appleby, Roger; Anderton, Rupert N.; Price, Sean; Sinclair, Gordon N.; Coward, Peter R.

doi:10.1117/12.542705

Cited by 20 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…The current mm-wave system is the L-3 Communications ProVision (http://www.sds.l-3com.com/advancedimaging/provision-at.htm), and the backscatter system is the Rapiscan Secure 1000 (http://www.rapiscansystems.com/sec1000.html). Active and passive millimeter-wave imaging systems have been demonstrated to detect a wide variety of concealed threats including explosives, handguns, and knives [1][2][3][4] . The cylindrical millimeter-wave imaging technology was developed at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) and has been licensed to L-3 Communications (originally SafeView) [5][6][7][8] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calibration, reconstruction, and rendering of cylindrical millimeter-wave image data

Sheen

Hall

2011

SPIE Proceedings

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Cylindrical millimeter-wave imaging systems and technology have been under development at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) for several years. This technology has been commercialized, and systems are currently being deployed widely across the United States and internationally. These systems are effective at screening for concealed items of all types; however, new sensor designs, image reconstruction techniques, and image rendering algorithms could potentially improve performance. At PNNL, a number of specific techniques have been developed recently to improve cylindrical imaging methods including wideband techniques, combining data from full 360-degree scans, polarimetric imaging techniques, calibration methods, and 3-D data visualization techniques. Many of these techniques exploit the three-dimensionality of the cylindrical imaging technique by optimizing the depth resolution of the system and using this information to enhance detection. Other techniques, such as polarimetric methods, exploit scattering physics of the millimeter-wave interaction with concealed targets on the body. In this paper, calibration, reconstruction, and three-dimensional rendering techniques will be described that optimize the depth information in these images and the display of the images to the operator.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calibration, reconstruction, and rendering of cylindrical millimeter-wave image data

Sheen

Hall

2011

SPIE Proceedings

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“…or passive sources emitting blackbody radiation by virtue of a temperature differential. A number of methods have been proposed and described in the literature including active arrays based on wideband oscillators [2] and tuned cavities [3]. A major drawback of using these active methods is the potential for image artifact in the form of speckle, glint and ringing.…”

Section: Indoor Imagingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Illumination strategies to achieve effective indoor millimeter wave imaging for personnel screening applications

et al. 2005

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The ability of millimetre-waves (mm-wave) to penetrate obscurants -be they clothing, fog etc. -enables unique imaging applications in areas such as security screening of personnel and landing aids for aircraft. When used in an outdoor application, the natural thermal contrast provided by cold sky reflections off of objects allow for direct imaging of a scene. Imaging at mm-wave frequencies in an indoor situation requires that a thermal contrast be generated in order to illuminate and detect objects of interest. In the case of a portal screening application the illumination needs to be provided over the imaged area in a uniform, omni-directional manner and at a sufficient level of contrast to achieve the desired signal to noise ratio at the sensor. The primary options are to generate this contrast by using active noise sources or to develop a passive thermally induced source of mm-wave energy. This paper describes the approaches taken to developing and implementing an indoor imaging configuration for a mmwave camera that is to be used in people screening applications. The camera uses a patented mechanical scanning method to directly generate a raster frame image of portal dimensions. Imaging has been conducted at a range of frequencies with the main focus being on 94GHz operation. Experiences with both active and passive illumination schemes are described with conclusions on the merits or otherwise of each. The results of imaging trials demonstrate the potential for using mm-wave imaging in an indoor situation and example images illustrate the capability of the camera and the illumination methods when used for personnel screening.

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“…The main performances of MMW imaging system are the field of view, the spatial resolution and the thermal sensitivity, and the field of view and spatial resolution are researched by quasi-optical subsystem [1]. Best spatial resolution and enough field of view can be obtained by reasonable design of quasioptics in order to improve the performances of detecting contrabands.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and measurement of quasi-optics for millimeter wave imaging system

Qiu

Zhong

et al. 2009

2009 IEEE International Workshop on Imaging Systems and Techniques

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Methods of designing quasi-optics are researched to improve the spatial resolution of the millimeter-wave imaging system. On the basis of characteristics comparison of different design methods and truncation effect considered, fundamental Gaussian beam method is used to design the quasi-optics. The relationship between waist radius and the gain of antenna is researched, and the lens as focusing element is designed together to meet the requirement of the system. Experimental results are given to illustrate the accuracy of the design method, and the reasons of the error are analyzed. The design process is easy to carry out while the result has good accuracy, so it is practical for designing the quasi-optics for millimeter wave imaging system.

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Whole-body 35-GHz security scanner

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

Calibration, reconstruction, and rendering of cylindrical millimeter-wave image data

Calibration, reconstruction, and rendering of cylindrical millimeter-wave image data

Illumination strategies to achieve effective indoor millimeter wave imaging for personnel screening applications

Design and measurement of quasi-optics for millimeter wave imaging system

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