Whole Blood Platelet Aggregometry and Platelet Function Testing

Abstract

Platelet aggregometry has been the reference method employed to detect, diagnose, and monitor qualitative platelet disorders since the early 1960s. Lumiaggregometry and impedance-based whole blood lumiaggregometry have advantages over light transmittance aggregometry in that they provide for enhanced specimen management and increase the test sensitivity to impairment of platelet granule secretion. Whole blood lumiaggregometry detects and identifies congenital and acquired platelet plasma membrane receptor defects, metabolic pathway secretion disorders, and storage pool deficiency. Whole blood lumiaggregometry is also being applied to antiplatelet therapy monitoring and identifies aspirin and thienopyridine resistance. There is growing interest in using impedance-based whole blood lumiaggregometry for near-patient whole blood platelet analysis and antiplatelet therapy monitoring. This article will also discuss other whole blood testing processes for assessing platelet function, particularly as applied to assessing the effect of antiplatelet medication.

Migration distance-based platelet function analysis in a microfluidic system

“…[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17] Lighttransmission aggregometry has been widely used as the gold standard to identify and diagnose defects in platelet function. 12,13 However, it requires platelet-rich plasma, a time-consuming test procedure, and large sample volumes.…”

“…11,14 A shear-induced platelet function analyzer (PFA-100, Siemens, Germany) has been introduced. 10,[15][16][17] This device lets anti-coagulated whole blood flow through a narrow hole (d ¼ 150 lm) punched in membranes coated with collagen and either ADP or epinephrine. Before passing through the membrane, the blood sample is passed through a capillary (d ¼ 200 lm) at a high shear rate (c > 5000 s À1 ) to activate the platelets as well as vWFs.…”

“…Furthermore, this method is also dependent on vWF function and hematocrits, and 2-step serial tests for different agonists (collagen-ADP and collagen-epinephrine) require double the cost and test time. 10,[15][16][17] Above all, this test requires a large blood volume (i.e., 800 ll for PFA-100), which cannot be obtained from a simple finger stick without vein puncture.…”

Evaluation of the Effect of Aspirin on Platelet Aggregation: Methodological Recommendations for Aspirin-Drug Interaction Studies

“…and any other drug in a clinical study were met. A range of collagen concentrations was selected to induce platelet aggregation in fresh whole blood samples including a concentration of 1.0 µg/mL which is often used in the clinical assessment of ASA effects [15] [16]. A clear relationship between collagen concentration and aggregation amplitude response was observed, with an aggregation level of 9 Ω at 0.5 µg/mL and a maximal aggregation of 15 -16 Ω at 1.0 and 2.0 µg/mL.…”

Features of Platelet Hemostasis in Patients With Various Sensitivity to Antiplatelet Therapy in Stable Angina Pectoris After Planned Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

“…Метод не требует центрифугирования, т. е. проводится на интактных тромбоцитах в присутствии всех других клеток на поверхности, что максимально близко к процессу агрегации in vivo. Интерпретация результатов импедансной агрегометрии аналогична с оптической [8].…”