Who Were the Pythagoreans?

Zhmud, Leonid

doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199289318.003.0004

Cited by 4 publications

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“…In colloquial English, some things must consist of at least two things, in which case one cannot properly attribute a number to no things, so that it is no surprise that the number zero was a late arrival. An obvious reply is that in this case, the number one should also have aroused suspicion, as a single thing is not some things; and the answer is that in fact it did, with the Pythagoreans for instance holding that “The One is prior to the numbers proper” [9, p. 28]. Indeed if we are going to take the history of number concepts as evidence for what a grasp of them consists in, then the suspicion of the number one tells against the ordinal conception that Linnebo defends, since there the existence of the number one—denoted by the first element of any numeral progression—is immediate.…”

Section: Neo-fregeanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plural Ancestral Logic as the Logic of Arithmetic

Tatton-Brown¹

2022

The Review of Symbolic Logic

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Neo-Fregeanism aims to provide a possible route to knowledge of arithmetic via Hume’s principle, but this is of only limited significance if it cannot account for how the vast majority of arithmetic knowledge, accrued by ordinary people, is obtained. I argue that Hume’s principle does not capture what is ordinarily meant by numerical identity, but that we can do much better by buttressing plural logic with plural versions of the ancestral operator, obtaining natural and plausible characterizations of various key arithmetic concepts, including finiteness, equinumerosity and addition and multiplication of cardinality—revealing these to be logical concepts, and obtaining much of ordinary arithmetic knowledge as logical knowledge. Supplementing this with an abstraction principle and a simple axiom of infinity (known either empirically or modally) we obtain a full interpretation of arithmetic.

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Section: Neo-fregeanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plural Ancestral Logic as the Logic of Arithmetic

Tatton-Brown¹

2022

The Review of Symbolic Logic

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“…But using the word soul does not intend to give a sovereign religious concept but wants to distinguish the intellect’s ability and brain function to control feelings and behaviours. According to to Theophrastus (a Greek philosopher of the Peripatetic school), Alcmaeon was the first Greek thinker to distinguish between the sensory perception of intellect [11], [12].…”

Section: Alcmaeon the Philosophermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Alcmaeonâ€™s School of Croton: Philosophy and Science

Santacroce

Charitos

Topi

et al. 2019

Open Access Maced J Med Sci

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Among the first physicians and physiologists at the pre-Hippocratic medicine with contradictions and oscillating doctrines was Alcmaeon from Croton in the 6th century BC. For many, he shared as the father of scientific medicine. Unfortunately, we have only eighteen texts written for him and only five fragments of texts written by him. This saved extracts and testimonies they refer mostly to physiology, epistemology and psychology. Was born in the city of Croton (Κρότων) in Magna Graecia (southern Italy) was a reference point for the activity of physicians and philosophers over the years. Furthermore, Herodotus tells us about the excellent practice quality of the physicians, “compared to all the others known in that period”, among which Alcmaeon. But Croton is also famous as the centre of thought and activity of the philosopher Pythagoras of Samos (Πυθαγόρας ὁ Σάμιος, 580-500 BC) through his Pythagorean school around 530 BC.

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“…Cornelli (2013) 32–3 and Mota (2013) 108–9 (connecting Pythagoras with the Homeric Odysseus and with the rhapsodic tradition); cf. also Zucconi (1970) 493–4; Riedweg (2005) 12–13; and Zhmud (2012) 46–7.…”

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SOME FRESH AIR INTO THE NEOPYTHAGOREAN TRADITION: THE FRAGMENTS FROMON KINGSHIPBY DIOTOGENES

Roskam

2020

Camb. class. j.

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The Neopythagorean Diotogenes, author of a lost treatise On Kingship of which some fragments have come down to us in Stobaeus’ Anthology, is a largely neglected writer. Scholars either ignore him or briefly discuss him in the context of general overviews of Greek political thinking, usually comparing him to other Neopythagoreans such as Sthenidas and Ecphantus. This article argues that Diotogenes deserves to be read for his own sake, as a creative and subtle thinker who managed to contribute to his own philosophical tradition by benefiting from Homeric exegesis and by taking into account the more concrete demands of daily life.

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Who Were the Pythagoreans?

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Plural Ancestral Logic as the Logic of Arithmetic

Plural Ancestral Logic as the Logic of Arithmetic

The Alcmaeonâ€™s School of Croton: Philosophy and Science

SOME FRESH AIR INTO THE NEOPYTHAGOREAN TRADITION: THE FRAGMENTS FROMON KINGSHIPBY DIOTOGENES

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