Who is responsible for global road safety? A cross-cultural comparison of Actor Maps

McIlroy, Rich C.; Plant, K.A.; Hoque, Sanaul; Wu, Jinjin; Kokwaro, Gilbert; Nam, Vũ Hoài; Stanton, Neville A.

doi:10.1016/j.aap.2018.09.011

Cited by 67 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…The Actor Map is a prerequisite of creating an Accimap. We use as a starting point the Actor Map presented in McIlroy et al (2019), individually for both the primary and secondary incident. The actors relevant to the incidents analysed here were first identified, then the activities undertaken by the identified actors were superimposed.…”

Section: Developing the Accimapmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, there are recent examples of the approach being applied in lowincome settings. Preliminary efforts can be seen in the works of McIlroy et al (2019), Hamim et al ( , 2020, and . We build on this research, and further develop the use of Accimaps for road traffic collision analysis in low-income settings in this paper, through the analysis of a fatal vehicle-pedestrian collision that itself was triggered by a collision between involving a heavy-duty vehicle and nose of a road divider.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The three 'E's of road safety, namely engineering, education, and enforcement, have dominated road safety discussions. McIlroy et al (2019) expanded this by discussing additional 'E's, including economics, emergency response and enablement. The call for new approaches to road safety came from the fact that global trends have stagnated; fatality rates are not declining, especially in high-income countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Representing two road traffic collisions in one Accimap: highlighting the importance of emergency response and enforcement in a low-income country

et al. 2020

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Seemingly erratic pedestrian crossing has become a major source of vehicle-pedestrian collisions on highways in Bangladesh, and across other low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). In this article, we approach the challenge from a sociotechnical systems perspective by using the Accimap method to analyse a pair of time-separated yet interconnected road traffic collisions. The first event involved a truck colliding with a road divider; in the second, fatal incident, a bus hit a university student. The traditional-style investigation conducted immediately after the collision apportioned blame to end users, that is, drivers and pedestrian; however, application of sociotechnical systems thinking revealed the contribution from lack of emergency response and enforcement among many other important factors. Results and recommendations are discussed in terms of reducing the chance and severity of such collisions across LMICs, and in terms of the need to look beyond the end-user, a focus that remains dominant in such settings.

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Section: Developing the Accimapmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Representing two road traffic collisions in one Accimap: highlighting the importance of emergency response and enforcement in a low-income country

et al. 2020

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“…The Actor Map for the Bangladesh road transport system was indeed developed, and is presented in McIlroy et al [19]. From this, the AcciMap for the Mirsharai road accident was developed ( Figure 1).…”

Section: Accimap Framework For Mirsharai Road Accidentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applying the AcciMap methodology to investigate the tragic Mirsharai road accident in Bangladesh

et al. 2019

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A serious road accident happened on Monday, 11 July, 2011 afternoon in Mirsharai sub-district of Bangladesh's Chittagong district, that killed at least 44 schoolboys injured many more when the truck in which they were traveling skidded off a highway and plunged into a canal. In this study, the AcciMap methodology is applied, an extension to Rasmussen’s Risk Management Framework. This sociotechnical framework provides an insight into the interactions between different levels of a system, and supports the development of recommendations that could mitigate or prevent the outcomes of such an incident in the future. In the case of Mirsharai accident, the police and social media put the blame on the truck driver alone; however, this study, based on popular media reports, accident investigation reports and local interviews revealed mismanagement and an apparent disregard for safety across different levels of the socio-technical system. By integrating the different levels of the system, from international committees to end users, the road accident scenario of Bangladesh can be improved through developing a systematic approach to accident analysis.

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“…Traffic accidents cause around 50 million injuries per year worldwide and are a significant concern for public health [1][2][3]. On the basis of findings by the World Health Organization (WHO), about 1.35 million people died worldwide because of road traffic accidents in 2016.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Traffic Accident Spatial Simulation Modeling for Planning of Road Emergency Services

Naboureh

Feizizadeh

Naboureh

et al. 2019

IJGI

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The appropriate locations of road emergency stations (RESs) can help to decrease the impact of traffic accidents that cause around 50 million injuries per year worldwide. In this research, the appropriateness of existing RESs in the Khuzestan province, Iran, was assessed using an integrated fuzzy analytical hierarchy process (FAHP) and geographic information system (GIS) approach. The data used in this research were collected from different sources, including the department of roads, the department of health, the statistics organization, forensics, police centers, the surveying and geological department, remotely-sensed and global positioning system (GPS) data of accident high crash zones. On the basis of previous studies and the requirements of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education, as well as the department of roads of Iran for the location of RESs, nine criteria and 19 sub-criteria were adopted, including population, safety, environmental indicators, compatible area in RES, incompatible area in RES, type of road, accident high crash zones, traffic level and performance radius. The FAHP yielded the criteria weights and the ideal locations for establishing RESs using GIS analysis and aggregation functions. The resulting map matched the known road accident and high crash zones very well. The results indicated that the current RES stations are not distributed appropriately along the major roads of the Khuzestan province, and a re-arrangement is suggested. The finding of the present study can help decision-makers and authorities to achieve sustainable road safety in the case study area.of medical services, such as pre-hospital medical and transportation, trauma care and assistance for people who in need of emergency care [7]. Definitions differ, but in most cases, the geographical availability and provision of services are introduced as main factors [8,9]. Choosing optimal locations for emergency stations can help to achieve these aims. The locations of road emergency stations (RESs) are one of the most critical factors that can play a role in the degree of damage caused by accidents. Proper distribution of RESs is key to being able to respond to accidents within a standard time [10]. Therefore, determining optimum locations for RESs is a vital issue that road administrators face [11].After cardiovascular diseases, road accidents are the main reason for death in Iran [12][13][14]. Iran has a very high rate of road accidents; it is twenty times greater than that of the world's average [15]. The number of fatalities per 100,000 people per year for Iran is 32.1 (Figure 1). According to a UNICEF report, every 19 min one person passes away on Iran's roads, and every 2 min somebody is informed that one of his/her family members has survived a crash accident but with severe injury that may cause lifetime disability [16]. Each year, road traffic accidents cause the death of almost 28,000 people and disable or injure 300,000 more in Iran [12]. Cost of traffic fatalities in Iran is estimated at $6 billion U.S. every y...

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Who is responsible for global road safety? A cross-cultural comparison of Actor Maps

Cited by 67 publications

References 44 publications

Representing two road traffic collisions in one Accimap: highlighting the importance of emergency response and enforcement in a low-income country

Representing two road traffic collisions in one Accimap: highlighting the importance of emergency response and enforcement in a low-income country

Applying the AcciMap methodology to investigate the tragic Mirsharai road accident in Bangladesh

Traffic Accident Spatial Simulation Modeling for Planning of Road Emergency Services

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