Who is happier among preclinical medical students: the impact of chronotype preference

Tan, Makbule Neslişah; Mevsim, Vildan; Cifci, Merve Pozlu; Sayan, Huseyin; Ercan, Anıl Emre; Ergin, Omerul Faruk; Oksuz, Umut; Ensari, Salih

doi:10.1080/07420528.2020.1761373

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Bakotic et al 2017;Simor et al 2015;You et al 2020). The poorer affective outcomes of E-types in the present sample reflect the results of Tan et al (2020) and their sample of undergraduates where E-types scored lower on a measure of happiness than N-and M-types. Similarly, the results of our mediation analyses that of Chiu et al (2017) where sleep quality mediated the chronotype-depression relationship.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Insomnia symptoms mediate the association between eveningness and suicidal ideation, defeat, entrapment, and psychological distress in students

Bradford

Biello

Russell

2021

Chronobiology International

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Chronotype describes a person's general preference for mornings, evenings, or neither. It is typically conceptualized as a continuous unidimensional spectrum from morningness to eveningness. Eveningness is associated with poorer outcomes across a myriad of physical and mental health outcomes. This preference for later sleep and wake times is associated with increased risk of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation in both clinical and community samples. However, the mechanisms underlying the negative consequences of this preference for evenings are not fully understood. Previous research has found that sleep disturbances may act as a mediator of this relationship. The present study aimed to explore the associations between chronotype and affective outcomes in a sample of students. Additionally, it aimed to investigate the potential role of insomnia as a mediator within these relationships. Participants (n = 190) completed an anonymous self-report survey of validated measures online which assessed chronotype, insomnia symptoms, and a range of affective outcomes (defeat, entrapment, suicide risk, stress, and depressive and anxious symptomology). Eveningness was associated with more severe or frequent experiences of these outcomes, with participants that demonstrated a preference for eveningness more likely to report poorer affective functioning and increased psychological distress. Mediation analysis found the relationship between chronotype and these outcome measures was completely or partially mediated by insomnia symptom severity measured by the validated Sleep Condition Indicator insomnia scale. Taken together, these findings add further evidence for the negative consequences of increased eveningness. Additionally, our results show that chronotype and sleep disturbances should be considered when assessing mental well-being. Implementing appropriate sleep-related behavior change or schedule alterations can offer a tool for mitigation or prevention of psychological distress in students that report a preference for later sleep and wake times.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Insomnia symptoms mediate the association between eveningness and suicidal ideation, defeat, entrapment, and psychological distress in students

Bradford

Biello

Russell

2021

Chronobiology International

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“…Many factors related to the happiness of medical students in previous reports included own health satisfaction, self-decision to study in the MD program, having own vehicle, prior perception of medical student’s life-style [ 10 ], gender, younger siblings [ 9 ], frequency of exercise or level of physical activity, underlying disease [ 12 ], and body mass index [ 22 ]. These factors were derived from previous studies prior to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although 19.3% of medical students did not regard the COVID-19 pandemic as a severe public health problem [20], 35% of medical students preferred not to return to the clinical education setting, due to concerns about the risk of infection [21]. Many factors related to the happiness of medical students in previous reports included own health satisfaction, self-decision to study in the MD program, having own vehicle, prior perception of medical student's life-style [10], gender, younger siblings [9], frequency of exercise or level of physical activity, underlying disease [12], and body mass index [22]. These factors were derived from previous studies prior to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on happiness and stress: comparison of preclinical and clinical medical students

Isaradisaikul¹,

Thansuwonnont²,

Sangthongluan³

2021

Korean J Med Educ

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Purpose To compare differences in happiness and stress and related factors between pre-clinical and clinical year medical students during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Thailand. All undergraduate medical students were requested to voluntarily respond to an electronic survey. Demographic data, related factors of happiness and stress, scores from the Thai version of the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire (Thai-OHQ), and Thai Stress Questionnaire (Thai-ST5) were collected. Results There were 369 responses, 64.8% from preclinical students and 35.2% responses from clinical students, and 53.9% were women. The mean age of the participants was 20.62±1.81 years. The most frequent platforms that the students used to track COVID-19 information were Facebook 43.9% and Twitter 43.4%. Both groups had a low level of stress. No difference was found in the Thai-OHQ score (p=0.323) and the Thai-ST5 score (p=0.278). With multivariable analysis, two factors significantly related to the happier students included higher health satisfaction scores (p<0.001) and maintaining an exercise program during the COVID-19 pandemic (p=0.015). Conclusion There was no difference in the happiness and stress levels between the two groups during the first outbreak of COVID-19 in Thailand. To increase happiness, promoting awareness of health satisfaction and regularity of exercise for the medical students should be initiated. To direct the information during a disease outbreak such as the COVID-19 pandemic, Facebook, and Twitter are the primary platforms to use.

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“…A study of medical students indicated that evening chronotype individuals are less happy than others. This relationship between chronotype and happiness was significant after controlling for confounding variables, such as age and gender ( Tan et al, 2020 ). Rumination is passive and repetitive thinking about negative emotions and their possible causes and consequences.…”

Section: The Differences Between Chronotypes and The Association With...mentioning

confidence: 91%

Chronotype, circadian rhythm, and psychiatric disorders: Recent evidence and potential mechanisms

et al. 2022

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The circadian rhythm is crucial for physiological and behavioral functions. Chronotype, which represents individual preferences for activity and performance, is associated with human health issues, particularly psychiatric disorders. This narrative review, which focuses on the relationship between chronotype and mental disorders, provides an insight into the potential mechanism. Recent evidence indicates that (1) the evening chronotype is a risk factor for depressive disorders and substance use disorders, whereas the morning chronotype is a protective factor. (2) Evening chronotype individuals with bipolar disorder tend to have more severe symptoms and comorbidities. (3) The evening chronotype is only related to anxiety symptoms. (4) The relationship between chronotype and schizophrenia remains unclear, despite increasing evidence on their link. (5) The evening chronotype is significantly associated with eating disorders, with the majority of studies have focused on binge eating disorders. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms or influence factors are described in detail, including clock genes, brain characteristics, neuroendocrinology, the light/dark cycle, social factors, psychological factors, and sleep disorders. These findings provide the latest evidence on chronotypes and psychiatric disorders and serve as a valuable reference for researchers.

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Who is happier among preclinical medical students: the impact of chronotype preference

Cited by 12 publications

References 45 publications

Insomnia symptoms mediate the association between eveningness and suicidal ideation, defeat, entrapment, and psychological distress in students

Insomnia symptoms mediate the association between eveningness and suicidal ideation, defeat, entrapment, and psychological distress in students

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on happiness and stress: comparison of preclinical and clinical medical students

Chronotype, circadian rhythm, and psychiatric disorders: Recent evidence and potential mechanisms

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