Who discovered Universe expansion?

Steer, Ian

doi:10.1038/490176c

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…More globally, the conventional ΛCDM cosmology used in WMAP and Planck analyses leads to a conceptually unclear situation for the ratio between relative velocities and distances at cosmic scales given by the Lundmark-Lemaître-Hubble (LLH) constant (see [9,19] and references [20] to [24]). In the ΛCDM approach, the value of the LLH constant from Friedmann equations depends crucially on a set of poorly identified phenomenological parameters.…”

Section: A Puzzling Situationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-Big Bang, space-time structure, asymptotic Universe

Gonzalez‐Mestres

2014

EPJ Web of Conferences

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Abstract. Planck and other recent data in Cosmology and Particle Physics can open the way to controversial analyses concerning the early Universe and its possible ultimate origin. Alternatives to standard cosmology include pre-Big Bang approaches, new spacetime geometries and new ultimate constituents of matter. Basic issues related to a possible new cosmology along these lines clearly deserve further exploration. The Planck collaboration reports an age of the Universe t close to 13.8 Gyr and a present ratio H between relative speeds and distances at cosmic scale around 67.3 km/s/Mpc. The product of these two measured quantities is then slightly below 1 (about 0.95), while it can be exactly 1 in the absence of matter and cosmological constant in patterns based on the spinorial spacetime we have considered in previous papers. In this description of space-time we first suggested in 1996-97, the cosmic time t is given by the modulus of a SU(2) spinor and the Lundmark-Lemaître-Hubble (LLH) expansion law turns out to be of purely geometric origin previous to any introduction of standard matter and relativity. Such a fundamental geometry, inspired by the role of half-integer spin in Particle Physics, may reflect an equilibrium between the dynamics of the ultimate constituents of matter and the deep structure of space and time. Taking into account the observed cosmic acceleration, the present situation suggests that the value of 1 can be a natural asymptotic limit for the product H t in the long-term evolution of our Universe up to possible small corrections. In the presence of a spinorial space-time geometry, no ad hoc combination of dark matter and dark energy would in any case be needed to get an acceptable value of H and an evolution of the Universe compatible with observation. The use of a spinorial space-time naturally leads to unconventional properties for the space curvature term in Friedmannlike equations. It therefore suggests a major modification of the standard cosmology based on general relativity. In the new cosmology thus introduced, the contribution of the space curvature to the value of H 2 is positive definite independently of the apparent sign of this curvature, and has a much larger value than the standard curvature term. Then, a cosmological constant is no longer required. The spinorial space-time also generates automatically for each comoving observer a privileged space direction that, together with parity violation, may explain the anisotropies observed in WMAP and Planck data. Contrary to frequent statements, such a signature would not be a strange phenomenon. The effect emerges directly from the use of two complex space-time coordinates instead of the conventional four real ones, and the privileged direction would correspond to the phase of the cosmic spinor. We remind here our previous work on the subject and further discuss some cosmological implications of the spinorial space-time.

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Section: A Puzzling Situationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-Big Bang, space-time structure, asymptotic Universe

Gonzalez‐Mestres

2014

EPJ Web of Conferences

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“…Re-publication of the historical data was useful in confronting numerous articles published in the prior two years that cast doubt on Hubble's legacy in discovery of the expanding universe (e.g., van den Bergh 2011, Livio 2011. The data played a key role in confirming that while Lemaitre, Lundmark, and others deserve priority for discovering observational evidence for universal expansion, Hubble alone discovered observational proof (Steer 2011(Steer , 2012.…”

Section: How Ned-d Is Compiledmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redshift-Independent Distances in the Nasa/Ipac Extragalactic Database: Methodology, Content, and Use of Ned-D

Steer¹,

Madore

Mazzarella

et al. 2016

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Estimates of galaxy distances based on indicators that are independent of cosmological redshift are fundamental to astrophysics. Researchers use them to establish the extragalactic distance scale, to underpin estimates of the Hubble constant, and to study peculiar velocities induced by gravitational attractions that perturb the motions of galaxies with respect to the "Hubble flow" of universal expansion. In 2006 the NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database (NED) began making available a comprehensive compilation of redshift-independent extragalactic distance estimates. A decade later, this compendium of distances (NED-D) now contains more than 100,000 individual estimates based on primary and secondary indicators, available for more than 28,000 galaxies, and compiled from over 2000 references in the refereed astronomical literature. This paper describes the methodology, content, and use of NED-D, and addresses challenges to be overcome in compiling such distances. Currently, 75 different distance indicators are in use. We include a figure that facilitates comparison of the indicators with significant numbers of estimates in terms of the minimum, 25th percentile, median, 75th percentile, and maximum distances spanned. Brief descriptions of the indicators, including examples of their use in the database, are given in an appendix.

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Pre-Big Bang, fundamental Physics and noncyclic cosmologies

Gonzalez‐Mestres

2014

EPJ Web of Conferences

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Abstract. Detailed analyses of WMAP and Planck data can have significant implications for noncyclic pre-Big Bang approaches incorporating a new fundamental scale beyond the Planck scale and, potentially, new ultimate constituents of matter with unconventional basic properties as compared to standard particles. Cosmic-ray experiments at the highest energies can also yield relevant information. Hopefully, future studies will be able to deal with alternatives: i) to standard physics for the structure of the physical vacuum, the nature of space-time, the validity of quantum field theory and conventional symmetries, the interpretation of string-like theories...; ii) to standard cosmology concerning the origin and evolution of our Universe, unconventional solutions to the cosmological constant problem, the validity of inflationary scenarios, the need for dark matter and dark energy... Lorentz-like symmetries for the properties of matter can then be naturally stable space-time configurations resulting from more general primordial scenarios that incorporate physics beyond the Planck scale and describe the formation and evolution of the physical vacuum. A possible answer to the question of the origin of half-integer spins can be provided by a primordial spinorial space-time with two complex coordinates instead of the conventional four real ones, leading to a really new cosmology. We discuss basic questions and phenomenological topics concerning noncyclic pre-Big Bang cosmologies and potentially related physics.

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Who discovered Universe expansion?

Abstract: EU scientific visa is a success in Ireland From experience in Ireland, I contend that Europe's scientific visa and the EURAXESS services can solve most of the Who discovered Universe expansion?

Cited by 4 publications

References 2 publications

Pre-Big Bang, space-time structure, asymptotic Universe

Pre-Big Bang, space-time structure, asymptotic Universe

Redshift-Independent Distances in the Nasa/Ipac Extragalactic Database: Methodology, Content, and Use of Ned-D

Pre-Big Bang, fundamental Physics and noncyclic cosmologies

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