Who are the young users of tobacco products? Prevalence and characteristics of Danish adolescents who have either smoked cigarettes, used alternative tobacco products, or used both

Kjeld, Simone Gad; Andersen, Susan; Andersen, Anette; Glenstrup, Stine; Lund, Lisbeth; Danielsen, Dina; Bast, Lotus Sofie

doi:10.1177/14550725211027687

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…First and foremost, the intervention was designed to prevent cigarette smoking uptake among students ( 44 ) and, thus, it was not a primary aim of the intervention to prevent the uptake of other tobacco products. Nonetheless, it has previously been discussed whether smoking preventive interventions may be effective in also reducing the use of ATPs as several characteristics associated with cigarette smoking are associated with ATP use ( 55 ). Consequently, many of the same mechanisms or pathways to cigarette smoking may apply to ATP use.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic Differences in Cigarette Smoking and Alternative Tobacco Product Use Among Adolescents in a School-Based Smoking Preventive Intervention: Findings From the Second Year of the X:IT II Study

Kjeld

Lund

Andersen

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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BackgroundHealth interventions may differently impact adolescents from diverse backgrounds. This study examined whether a smoking preventive intervention was equally effective in preventing cigarette smoking and use of alternative tobacco products (ATPs, i.e., snus, e-cigarettes, and waterpipe) among students from different socioeconomic backgrounds, i.e., occupational social classes (OSC).MethodsData was from the school-based intervention X:IT II targeting 13- to 15-year-olds Danes. The intervention focused on three main components: smoke-free school time, smoke-free curriculum, and parental involvement. In total, 46 schools were included at baseline (N = 2,307, response rate = 86.3%). Using a difference-in-differences approach, changes in current smoking and ever use of ATPs were estimated among students in high versus low OSC at second follow-up. Analyses were based on available cases (N = 826) and multiple imputations of missing data at the second follow-up (N = 1,965).ResultsAt baseline (age 13), 1.0% of students from high OSC and 4.8% from low OSC currently smoked cigarettes, while this was the case among 24.5 and 25.6%, respectively, at the second follow-up (age 15). Estimates indicated that social inequalities in current smoking diminished over time (p < 0.001). Regarding ATPs, 10.0% of high OSC students and 13.9% of low OSC students had ever used ATPs at baseline, while at second follow-up, 46.8 and 60.8%, respectively, had ever used ATPs. Estimates indicated that social inequalities in ever use of ATPs widened over time (p < 0.001).ConclusionsThe X:IT II intervention seemed to diminish socioeconomic disparities in smoking over the study period. Meanwhile, social inequalities in ever use of ATPs increased. Therefore, besides focusing on narrowing the social disparities in cigarette smoking, future efforts may, to a larger extent, focus on adolescents' use of ATPs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Socioeconomic Differences in Cigarette Smoking and Alternative Tobacco Product Use Among Adolescents in a School-Based Smoking Preventive Intervention: Findings From the Second Year of the X:IT II Study

Kjeld

Lund

Andersen

et al. 2022

Front. Public Health

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“…At the time of the Focus study, the legislation was neither planned nor activated. Nevertheless, despite the enactment of the new legislation, Danish data indicate that the law is generally not being enforced; most users of tobacco products still smoke cigarettes (88%-92%) or use smokeless tobacco (96%-98%) during school hours (Kjeld et al, 2021), in line with trends in other European countries (Mélard et al, 2020). In addition, a report evaluating SFSH in youth education sites in Southern Denmark reveals implementation challenges like those identified in the aforementioned dilemmas (Kjeld et al, 2022).…”

Section: Implications For Practice and Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

When smoking is the smallest problem: A qualitative study of smoking prevention in Danish vocational schools

Rusiti,

Kjeld,

Andersen

et al. 2024

Health Education Journal

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Objective: In Denmark, more students smoke in vocational schools than in upper secondary schools. Smoking-prevention initiatives may reduce the prevalence of smoking but may also introduce unforeseen challenges. This study examined the significance of smoking and dilemmas related to smokefree school hours (SFSH) among established smokers in Danish vocational schools. Design: Qualitative research design. Setting: Data collection took place in a vocational education and training (VET) school in Denmark. The subject area was care, health and pedagogy (CHP). Method: Participant observation and focus groups were conducted with students and teachers. Two classes were observed for 2 weeks in total. The data analysed consisted of participant observation field notes ( n = 10 school days), transcripts from student focus groups ( n = 6; aged 18–56) and transcripts from teacher focus groups ( n = 11). Results: Two dilemmas were described as faced by established smokers in relation to the implementation of smokefree school hours: (1) The school is entitled to make rules versus the right to decide for oneself; and (2) life and schoolwork are challenging and demanding versus school work is more important than smoking. Conclusion: The findings illustrate how smoking, as an ingrained everyday practice for established smokers, represents a means of coping with difficult school demands and everyday challenges, particularly for vulnerable students, and how regulations such as SFSH create dilemmas for those students. These dilemmas are important to consider when designing and implementing smoking-prevention initiatives to prevent potential negative side effects and an unintended increase in social inequality in smoking.

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“…17,18 Moreover, a significant proportion of youth and young adults experiments with multiple substance use. 14,16,19 Especially among youth and young adults, tobacco and nicotine product use raises significant concerns as nicotine damages the brain development, 20 and youths initiating tobacco use at an early age are in high risk of establishing smoking habits that track into adulthood. 21 It is unclear how the COVID-19 lockdown affected the use of cigarette smoking and smokeless tobacco use among youth and young adults in Denmark.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Cigarette Smoking and Smokeless Tobacco Use During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Lockdown Period Among Youth and Young Adults in Denmark

Andersen

Kjeld

Bast

2022

Nicotine &Amp; Tobacco Research

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Introduction Cigarettes and smokeless tobacco (snus and nicotine pouches) are prevalent among youth and young adults in Denmark. Here, we examined the extent of changes in the use of cigarettes and smokeless tobacco during the first COVID-19 lockdown in March and April 2020 in Denmark as well as reasons for changed behavior. Methods This study used data from a nationwide survey conducted among 15- to 29-year-olds from January to March 2021 including 13,530 respondents (response rate = 36.0%). Logistic regression analyses assessed the associations between sociodemographic characteristics and the odds of initiating or increasing as well as trying to stop or decreasing cigarette smoking and smokeless tobacco use. Results The prevalence of cigarette smoking was 17.8% and 10.5% reported using smokeless tobacco. Around 40% of those currently smoking cigarettes reported smoke on par during the COVID-19 lockdown as before, 24.5% started to smoke or increased their smoking, and 27.4% tried to stop or smoked less. Approximately 37% used smokeless tobacco on the same level as before the COVID-19 lockdown, 38.8% initiated or used more, and 14.1% tried to stop or used less. Females were more prone to initiate smokeless tobacco use and increase their level of smoking during the lockdown, and younger participants smoked less. More females compared with males changed their smoking behaviors due to their mood, and more younger participants did so due to fewer social gatherings. Conclusion Although most youths and young adults’ tobacco behaviors remained the same during the COVID-19 lockdown, many also increased or decreased their behaviors – especially females and younger participants. Implications This study enables the possibility of detecting new tendencies in smoking and the use of smokeless tobacco among subgroups of the population during the COVID-19 lockdown. This knowledge is crucial for identifying which groups of youths are vulnerable to increasing their tobacco use in other pandemic situations and which groups call for special attention after the lockdown period. Future efforts may focus on vulnerable groups affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, such as females, and there is a need to monitor closely whether youth tobacco use changes as society becomes more normalized.

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Who are the young users of tobacco products? Prevalence and characteristics of Danish adolescents who have either smoked cigarettes, used alternative tobacco products, or used both

Cited by 5 publications

References 53 publications

Socioeconomic Differences in Cigarette Smoking and Alternative Tobacco Product Use Among Adolescents in a School-Based Smoking Preventive Intervention: Findings From the Second Year of the X:IT II Study

Socioeconomic Differences in Cigarette Smoking and Alternative Tobacco Product Use Among Adolescents in a School-Based Smoking Preventive Intervention: Findings From the Second Year of the X:IT II Study

When smoking is the smallest problem: A qualitative study of smoking prevention in Danish vocational schools

Changes in Cigarette Smoking and Smokeless Tobacco Use During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Lockdown Period Among Youth and Young Adults in Denmark

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