“…In parallel with this focus on neighborhoods, researchers have raised concerns—both old and new—about how neighborhoods are defined and what kinds of uncertainty might enter an analysis because of the imperfect translation of theoretical concept to data product (Galster, 2019; Kwan, 2012; Openshaw and Taylor, 1981; Zenk et al., 2011). Researchers have also provided methods for examining this uncertainty (Fowler et al., 2019; Spielman and Folch, 2015) and estimating its effects on outcomes (Fotheringham and Wong, 1991; Root et al., 2011), as well as new data products and methods that may help to alleviate some of the problems (Johnston et al., 2016; Logan et al., 2014; Östh et al., 2014; Schroeder, 2007).…”