Whither COVID-19 vaccines?

DeFrancesco, Laura

doi:10.1038/s41587-020-0697-7

Cited by 52 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The global vaccine campaign also provides a unique opportunity to compare different vaccine design strategies and platforms—especially new ones—against a common target. While mRNA and viral vector vaccines remain the front-runners, protein-based vaccines are highlighted in a recent review with the prediction that they will eventually reach a larger fraction of the global population ( 98 ). As the NAb titers induced by the first-generation nucleic acid vaccines wane over time, effective protein vaccines will be needed to sustain long-term immunity against SARS-CoV-2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here, S2GΔHR2 was genetically fused, rather than chemically linked, to three SApNPs, including two multilayered 60-meric carriers with enhanced stability and an embedded T help signal. These protein vaccines should be more effective in eliciting a potent NAb response and less likely to induce adverse responses ( 98 , 99 ). An epitope-focused vaccine strategy was also explored by designing scaffolded RBD trimers and SPY-linked RBD SApNPs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Single-component, self-assembling, protein nanoparticles presenting the receptor binding domain and stabilized spike as SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates

et al. 2021

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Vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 provides an effective tool to combat the COVID-19 pandemic. Here, we combined antigen optimization and nanoparticle display to develop vaccine candidates for SARS-CoV-2. We first displayed the receptor-binding domain (RBD) on three self-assembling protein nanoparticle (SApNP) platforms using the SpyTag/SpyCatcher system. We then identified heptad repeat 2 (HR2) in S2 as the cause of spike metastability, designed an HR2-deleted glycine-capped spike (S2GΔHR2), and displayed S2GΔHR2 on SApNPs. An antibody column specific for the RBD enabled tag-free vaccine purification. In mice, the 24-meric RBD-ferritin SApNP elicited a more potent neutralizing antibody (NAb) response than the RBD alone and the spike with two stabilizing proline mutations in S2 (S2P). S2GΔHR2 elicited twofold higher NAb titers than S2P, while S2GΔHR2 SApNPs derived from multilayered E2p and I3-01v9 60-mers elicited up to 10-fold higher NAb titers. The S2GΔHR2-presenting I3-01v9 SApNP also induced critically needed T cell immunity, thereby providing a promising vaccine candidate.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Single-component, self-assembling, protein nanoparticles presenting the receptor binding domain and stabilized spike as SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates

et al. 2021

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“…The other types of vaccines under development are protein vaccines and viral vector vaccines. We do have experience in pregnancy with the latter type, and Johnson & Johnson is developing Ad26, a viral vector vaccine 13 …”

Section: Saint‐gerons Dm Solà Arnau I De Mucio B Et Al Adverse Evmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Resources for Evidence‐Based Practice, January/February 2021

Barger

2021

J Midwife Womens Health

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“…However, the neutralization capacities of these specific antibodies is still under discussion, especially since non-neutralizing antibodies can enhance infection through a process called antibody-dependent enhancement (hereafter abbreviated 'ADE') [5,6,7,8]. This has been recently emphasized in the set up of clinical trials (see for example [9]), in a general discussion of the prospects of vaccination [10] and in a perspective accounting for the present situation in terms of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, therapies and immunity [11,12] The present academic interpretation of the ADE is that it occurs through virus-antibody immunocomplexes that facilitate virus internalization in host cells that do not express virus receptor but Fc receptors. ADE is induced when the antibody-virus stoichiometry is below the threshold for neutralization, [5,6].…”

Section: Available Evidence Detailing the Antibody Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 adaptive humoral immunity models: weakly neutralizing versus antibody-disease enhancement scenarios

Danchin

Pagani-Azizi

Turinici

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The interplay between the virus, infected cells and the immune ressponses to SARS-CoV-2 is still under debate. Extending the basic model of viral dynamics we propose here a formal approach to describe the neutralizing versus non-neutralizing scenarios and compare with the possible effects of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE). The theoretical model is consistent with data available from the literature and conclusions show that, while both non-neutralizing scenarios and ADE give rise to similar final virus clearance, the non-neutralizing antibodies can induce permanent high levels of antibody production with documented unfavorable impact on the disease progression and outcome. We also discuss the implications on secondary infections.

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Whither COVID-19 vaccines?

Cited by 52 publications

References 16 publications

Single-component, self-assembling, protein nanoparticles presenting the receptor binding domain and stabilized spike as SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates

Single-component, self-assembling, protein nanoparticles presenting the receptor binding domain and stabilized spike as SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates

Current Resources for Evidence‐Based Practice, January/February 2021

COVID-19 adaptive humoral immunity models: weakly neutralizing versus antibody-disease enhancement scenarios

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