Whitening and antioxidant activities of bornyl acetate and nezukol fractionated from <i><scp>C</scp>ryptomeria japonica</i> essential oil

Kim, S. H.; Lee, S. Y.; Hong, Chang-Young; Gwak, Ki-Seob; Park, Mi Jin; Smith, David J.; Choi, In‐Gyu

doi:10.1111/ics.12069

Cited by 39 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This might be due to the compounds present in these types of extracts (mainly mono-and sesquiterpenes). This observation already shows through the literature survey: compared to solvent extracts, only a few studies report the tyrosinase inhibition and/or anti-melanogenic effects of such extracts or of individual EOs' constituents [87,166,[176][177][178][179][180][181]. Single components, mainly acting as alternative substrates to L-Tyrosine and L-DOPA (eugenol, thymol, etc.…”

Section: Lab Reality: Our Experiencementioning

confidence: 97%

Skin Whitening Cosmetics: Feedback and Challenges in the Development of Natural Skin Lighteners

et al. 2016

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Abstract:With the public's growing interest in skin whitening, lightening ingredients only used under dermatological supervision until recently, are more and more frequently incorporated into cosmetic formulas. The active agents that lighten skin tone are either natural or synthetic substances, and may act at various levels of melanogenesis. They are used to treat various skin pigmentation disorders or simply to obtain a lighter skin tone as whiter skin may be synonymous of wealth, health, youth, and/or beauty in different cultures. However, recent studies demonstrated the adverse effects of some of these ingredients, leading to their interdiction or restricted use under the European Directive and several other international regulations. After an overview of skin whitening practices and the associated risks, this article provides insight into the mechanisms involved in melanin synthesis and the biological assays available to attest the lightening activity of individual ingredients. The legislation dealing with the use of skin lighteners is then discussed. As traditional depigmenting agents such as hydroquinone and corticosteroids are of safety concern, the potential of natural extracts has been investigated more and more; finally, a synthesis of three years of research in our laboratory for such plant extracts will be given.

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Section: Lab Reality: Our Experiencementioning

confidence: 97%

Skin Whitening Cosmetics: Feedback and Challenges in the Development of Natural Skin Lighteners

et al. 2016

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“…So, these essential oil-based components have potential applications in cosmeceutical products. [251] The preservatives usually used in cosmetics often cause allergenic reactions and skin irritation.…”

Section: Essential Oils In Cosmeticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthesis of essential oils in aromatic plants: A review

Rehman

Hanif

Mushtaq

et al. 2015

Food Reviews International

132

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In aromatic plants species, biosynthesis of essential oils oocurs through two complex natural biochemical pathways involving different enzymatic reactions. Isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and its isomer dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) are the universal precursors of essential oils biosynthesis and are produced by the cytosolic enzymatic MVA (mevalonic acid) pathway or by plastidic and enzymatic 1-deoxy-D-xylolose-5-phosphate (DXP), also called the 2-Cmethylerythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway. In the particular plant cell part, prenyl diphosphate synthases condense isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP) further to form prenyl diphosphates, which are used as substrates for geranyl diphosphate, C 10 (GPP) or for fernesyl diphosphate, C 15 (FPP). Essential oils are final terpenoid products and are formed by a huge group of enzymes known as terpene synthases (TPS). Essential oils are important secondary metabolites of plants and have been used not only in different industries but also in ethnobotanical medicines for centuries. Hence, considerable research has been undertaken to understand the essential oils biosynthetic pathways. This review will be a valuable source of information in the field of natural products as we give detailed insights about biosynthesis of essential oils in plants, and thus indicate also new unexplored horizons for further research.

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“…Antifungal activities in the bark, leaves, heartwood and sapwood were also described [6][7][8]. Anti-inflammatory activities and hepatoprotective activities of the heartwood [9,10], the whitening activities of the leaves [11], and the antioxidant activities of the leaves, branches, bark, heartwood and sapwood [11,12] were demonstrated. However, comprehensive and comparative studies of extracts from all parts of C. japonica using the same extraction solvent have not been done.…”

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confidence: 99%

Biological Activities of Extracts from Different Parts ofCryptomeria japonica

Horiba

Nakagawa

Zhu

et al. 2016

Natural Product Communications

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Cryptomeria japonica is one of the most important forest tree species in Japan. To increase the demand for domestic timber, broad uses related to the functional attributes of C. japonica must be developed. Several studies have examined the usefulness of C. japonica in terms of its biological activities, but a comprehensive study subjecting all parts of the C. japonica plant to the same solvent for extraction has not been done. Here, methanol extractions from the leaves, branches, bearing branches, male flowers, female flowers, cones, bark, heartwood, sapwood, pith, rhizomes, roots, and pollen were subjected to several in vitro assays of their biological activities such as antioxidant activity, anti-lipase activity, antibacterial activity and melanin-biosynthesis-inhibition activity. Their total phenolic content was also determined. The methanol extracts from each part of C. japonica except for pollen showed strong activities in the bioactivity assays. Furthermore, the methanol extracts were analyzed by GC/MS. The phytochemical profile varied among extracts from various parts of C. japonica. Our results suggest the great potential of C. japonica for use as a functional ingredient in health-related products.

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Whitening and antioxidant activities of bornyl acetate and nezukol fractionated from Cryptomeria japonica essential oil

Abstract: Therefore, bornyl acetate and nezukol fractionated from C. japonica essential oil, which showed highly active whitening and antioxidant activities, have potential applications in cosmeceutical materials.

Cited by 39 publications

References 25 publications

Skin Whitening Cosmetics: Feedback and Challenges in the Development of Natural Skin Lighteners

Skin Whitening Cosmetics: Feedback and Challenges in the Development of Natural Skin Lighteners

Biosynthesis of essential oils in aromatic plants: A review

Biological Activities of Extracts from Different Parts ofCryptomeria japonica

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