White-rot fungal conversion of wheat straw to energy rich cattle feed

Abstract

In order to improve the digestibility and nutrient availability in rumen, wheat straw was subjected to solid state fermentation (SSF) with white-rot fungi (i.e. Pleurotus ostreatus and Trametes versicolor) and the fermented biomass (called myco-straw) was evaluated for biochemical, enzymatic and nutritional parameters. The fungal treatment after 30 days led to significant decrease (P < 0.05) in cell wall constituents viz, acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose to the extent of 35.00, 38.88, 45.00, 37.48 and 37.86%, respectively in P. ostreatus fermented straw, while 30.04, 33.85, 39.90, 31.29 and 34.00%, respectively in T. versicolor fermented straw. However, maximum efficiency of fermentation in terms of low carbohydrate consumption per unit of lignin degradation, favoring cattle feed production was observed for P. ostreatus on the 10th day (17.12%) as compared with T. versicolor on the 30th day (16.91%). The myco-straw was found to contain significantly high (P < 0.05) crude protein (CP; 4.77% T. versicolor, 5.08% P. ostreatus) as compared to control straw (3.37%). Metabolizable energy (ME, MJ/kg DM), percent organic matter digestibility (OMD) and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs; mmol) production also increased considerably from control straw (4.40, 29.91 and 0.292) to a maximum up to P. ostreatus fermented straw (4.92, 33.39 and 0.376 on 20th day) and T. versicolor fermented straw (4.66, 31.74 and 0.334 on 10th day), respectively. Moreover, the myco-straw had lower organic carbon and was rich in nitrogen with lower C/N ratio as compared to control wheat straw. Results suggest that the fungal fermentation of wheat straw effectively improved CP content, OM digestibility, SCFAs production, ME value and simultaneously lowered the C/N ratio, thus showing potential for bioconversion of lignin rich wheat straw into high energy cattle feed.

Farklı Miktarlarda Bacillus Coagulans’ın Mısır Küspesi ve Pirinç Samanının Fermantasyon Özelliklerine Etkisinin In Vitro Değerlendirilmesi

“…FRD 0 value of maize stover was significantly higher than that of rice straw, while it was reverse for t 0. 5 . It specified that the rate of degradation at early incubation period of maize stover was significantly higher than that of rice straw because of the supplementation of Bacillus coagulans.…”

“…Although these methods were effective to improve feed intake and/or digestibility of these fibrous feedstuffs [1][2][3] , they are expensive and harmful to both users and environment [4] . Furthermore, biological methods such as probiotics (microorganism preparations) were found to be a good economic and safe alternative to increse the digestibility of such fibrous by-products [5] . Probiotics are last recent biological methods by using alive and suitable microorganisms that can beneficial effects to the host health when consumed in appropriate and regular quantities [6] .…”

Solid State Fermentation: Comprehensive Tool for Utilization of Lignocellulosic through Biotechnology

“…The production of biologically active secondary metabolites in SSF represents another incredible aspect in the recent years. Several studies carried out since many decades also emphasize the importance of working in solid state condition [25][26][27][28][29][30].…”

Construction of recombinant Yarrowia lipolytica and its application in bio-transformation of lignocellulose

“…In lignocellulose, lignin and hemicellulose form a solid layer closely surrounded by cellulose, [10][11][12] which results in its inefficient use in feed. 13,14 Ruminants can use part of the cellulose with the aid of rumen microbes, but monogastric animals like pigs and chickens lack cellulase in their gastrointestinal tract. This greatly limits the use of cellulose in stock breeding.…”