White Rice Consumption, Body Mass Index, and Waist Circumference among Iranian Female Adolescents

Azadbakht, Leila; Haghighatdoost, Fahimeh; Esmaillzadeh, Ahmad

doi:10.1080/07315724.2015.1113902

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Despite the consumption of rice concomitantly with beans has been consistently associated with healthier eating patterns [ 50 , 51 ], favorable weight outcomes in an 18-month randomized trial [ 52 ], and reduced BMI and waist circumference in low-income Brazilian women [ 53 ], studies indicate that the benefits of this pattern occur mainly because the intake of beans [ 42 , 54 ]. In accordance with our findings, other studies found a positive association between excess body weight and rice intake [ 42 , 55 ], but not with beans after adjusting for the highly-correlated and sizable rice intake [ 42 ], as we observed here. A study with 675 consumers in a restaurant serving buffet-by-weight also observed association between large portion size and EBW, even in consumers of rice and beans [ 56 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Differences over 12 Years in Food Portion Size and Association with Excess Body Weight in the City of São Paulo, Brazil

et al. 2018

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Although changes in Brazilian diet have occurred over the last decades, there is no evidence about differences in food portion sizes (FPS) over time. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the association of FPS with excess body weight (EBW), and to monitor differences in the population from São Paulo, Brazil, from 2003 to 2015. Data came from three cross-sectional population-based studies with 5270 individuals aged ≥12 years in 2003, 2008, and 2015. Dietary data were obtained from 24-h recalls. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between FPS and EBW. Over the years, there was a diverse variation in FPS, with an increase in some groups (white meat, salted snacks, coffee/tea, eggs) and decrease in others (rice, red meat, sweets, pasta, sandwiches, cold cuts). The percentage of people reporting the intake of six food groupings (rice, white meat, sweets, fruits, commercial juices, toasts/biscuits) increased in the period. In this population, EBW was associated with larger FPS of 11 of the 30 food groupings investigated (cold cuts, fried snacks, fruit and commercial juices, pizza, red meat, rice, salted snacks, soft drinks, soups, sugar). These findings could support future interventions and policies for optimal food intake in Brazil.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Differences over 12 Years in Food Portion Size and Association with Excess Body Weight in the City of São Paulo, Brazil

et al. 2018

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“…In Iran, where this study was conducted, the most important component of the traditional diet is refined grains 80 . Refined grains contain lower amounts of dietary fibre, magnesium, vitamin E, and phytoestrogens since the bran and germ of the grains are removed 80,81 . Data show that Iranian people consumption of refined grains is among the highest levels in the world, while dietary intakes of fibres, fruits, vegetables, legumes, and nuts are lower than the recommendations of the Food Guide Pyramid 80 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…80 Refined grains contain lower amounts of dietary fibre, magnesium, vitamin E, and phytoestrogens since the bran and germ of the grains are removed. 80,81 Data show that Iranian people consumption of refined grains is among the highest levels in the world, while dietary intakes of fibres, fruits, vegetables, legumes, and nuts are lower than the recommendations of the Food Guide Pyramid. 80 Moreover, fruit juices do not have the proportion of dietary fibre of the whole fruit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of plant‐based diet index with inflammatory markers and sleep quality in overweight and obese female adults: A cross‐sectional study

et al. 2021

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Background Inflammation and sleep disturbances increase the risk of multiple diseases, including cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and dementia. Since diet plays a significant role in inflammatory responses and sleep quality, this study aimed to investigate the association of a plant‐based diet index (PDI) with sleep quality and inflammatory markers in overweight and obese women. Methods 390 overweight and obese women aged 18‐48 years participated in this cross‐sectional study. A validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was used to create an overall PDI, healthful plant‐based diet index (hPDI) and unhealthful plant‐based diet index (uPDI). Sleep quality was assessed by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Higher scores on the PSQI were indicative of poor sleep. Anthropometric measurements and serum concentrations of high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP), interleukin 1 beta (IL‐1β) and transforming growth factor‐beta (TGF‐β) were evaluated. Linear regression models were used to determine the association between exposure and outcomes. Results After taking potential confounders into account, we found a significant inverse association between adherence to hPDI and hs‐CRP (β = −0.14, 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.22,0.06, P = .001) and a significant positive association between uPDI and hs‐CRP (β = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.05,0.21, P = .001). Overall, PDI was significantly associated with TGF‐β (β = 2.04, 95% CI: 0.54,3.55, P = .008). No association was detected between PDI indices and IL‐1β. Higher adherence to uPDI was significantly associated with higher PSQI score (lower sleep quality) (β= 0.20, 95% CI:0.007,0.40, P = .04). A significant positive association was found between TGF‐β (β = 0.05, 95% CI:0.005,0.10, P = .03) and hs‐CRP (β = 0.32, 95% CI:0.02,0.62, P = .03) with PSQI. Conclusion Our findings indicated a significant association between adherence to a plant‐based diet with inflammation and sleep quality in obese and overweight females. What is already known about this topic? Sleep is an essential part of life, and sleep quality has a significant impact on individual well‐being and performance. There is a bidirectional relationship between disturbed sleep and elevated levels of inflammatory markers. Diet plays a major part in sleep quality and its related health consequences. Plant‐based diets are associated with lower risk of chronic diseases such as coronary artery disease (CAD), type 2 diabetes, obesity and reduced level of inflammation. What does this article add? Adherence to a healthful plant‐based diet is associated with lower level of hs‐CRP, while adherence to an unhealthful plant‐based diet is associated with higher concentrations of hs‐CRP. Adherence to an unhealthful plant‐based diet is associated with lower sleep quality.

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“…The association study represented that the over-intake of cereal was positively associated with higher weight categories, while deficient consumption of cereal contributed to a lower risk of having high BMI values. Previous studies also indicated that refined grain and wheat, which comprised up to 90% of the staple food in the CDG 2016, were strongly associated with obesity [ 25 , 26 ]. The associations between intake of vegetables with adiposity were concordant with previous studies [ 27 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deviation of Chinese Adults’ Diet from the Chinese Food Pagoda 2016 and Its Association with Adiposity

2017

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Changing diet in China contributes to a raising prevalence of overweight and obesity. This study aimed to evaluate the dietary status of Chinese adults (20–59 years old) using the China Food Pagoda (CFP) proposed in the Chinese Dietary Guidelines 2016 (CDG), and investigate the association between adiposity and deviation of real diet from CFP using an ordered logistic regression. Results showed that the consumption of fruits, eggs, meat, and poultry increased significantly during 2004–2011, while the consumption of cereal, potatoes, and beans dropped down significantly during the same period (all p < 0.05). Meanwhile, great disparity was detected between real consumption and recommended intake in CFP. In particular, a deficient intake was found for milk and milk products, eggs, and fruit, while over-consumption was observed for cereal, potatoes and beans, meat and poultry, legumes and nuts, oil, and salt. In addition, over-consumption of cereal, legumes and nuts, and salt, as well as under-consumption of vegetables, and meat and poultry, were associated with a higher risk of having high body mass index (BMI), while lower consumption of cereal, potatoes and beans, eggs, and higher consumption of vegetables contributed to low hazard of overweight/obesity (all p < 0.05). The huge disparity between real consumption and the CFP calls for specific health education campaigns.

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White Rice Consumption, Body Mass Index, and Waist Circumference among Iranian Female Adolescents

Abstract: There was significant association between rice consumption and obesity as well as diet quality indices among Iranian adolescents.

Cited by 11 publications

References 52 publications

Differences over 12 Years in Food Portion Size and Association with Excess Body Weight in the City of São Paulo, Brazil

Differences over 12 Years in Food Portion Size and Association with Excess Body Weight in the City of São Paulo, Brazil

Association of plant‐based diet index with inflammatory markers and sleep quality in overweight and obese female adults: A cross‐sectional study

Deviation of Chinese Adults’ Diet from the Chinese Food Pagoda 2016 and Its Association with Adiposity

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