“…Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) provides the only existing technique to map the structural connections of the living human brain in a noninvasive way (Basser, Mattiello, & LeBihan, ). dMRI allows the estimation of white matter fiber tracts in the brain via a process called tractography (Basser, Pajevic, Pierpaoli, Duda, & Aldroubi, ), which has been widely used for understanding neurological development, brain function, and brain disease, as described in several reviews (Ciccarelli, Catani, Johansen‐Berg, Clark, & Thompson, ; Essayed et al, ; Pannek, Scheck, Colditz, Boyd, & Rose, ; Piper, Yoong, Kandasamy, & Chin, ; Yamada, Sakai, Akazawa, Yuen, & Nishimura, ). White matter parcellation, that is, dividing the massive number of tractography fibers (streamline trajectories) into multiple fiber parcels (or fiber tracts), is the first and essential step to enable fiber quantification and visualization.…”