White matter changes associated with cognitive visual dysfunctions in children with cerebral palsy: A diffusion tensor imaging study

Galli, Jessica; Ambrosi, Claudia; Micheletti, Serena; Merabet, Lotfi B.; Pinardi, Chiara; Gasparotti, Roberto; Fazzi, Elisa

doi:10.1002/jnr.24307

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Nonetheless, both individuals had cognitive visual problems; this was not an unexpected finding since the peritrigonal white matter is a known site of WMDI 27 . A recent dMRI study showed an association between diffusion parametric changes in the superior longitudinal fascicles and cognitive visual dysfunction in children with CP, 28 highlighting the potential of studying white matter pathways involved in higher‐order visual processing in this patient group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinal ganglion cell topography predicts visual field function in spastic cerebral palsy

Jacobson

Lennartsson

Nilsson

2020

Develop Med Child Neuro

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of optical coherence tomography (OCT) to identify and assess visual field defects caused by primary damage to the optic radiation in individuals with spastic cerebral palsy (CP). Ten individuals with spastic CP (six females, four males, with a median age of 21 years [range 17–38y]) had their brain lesions documented with conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion‐weighted MRI fibre tractography. Their macular ganglion cell layer (GCL) and inner plexiform layer (IPL) were examined with OCT and their visual fields were plotted. All participants had good visual acuity and were able to cooperate with the MRI and OCT examinations, as well as undergoing reliable perimetry. We found focal thinning of the GCL+IPL and corresponding homonymous visual field defects in individuals with brain damage affecting the optic radiation. We used GCL+IPL sector asymmetry as a sensitive OCT parameter to identify focal visual field defects. We observed no such sector asymmetry in GCL+IPL, or focal visual field defects, in individuals with normal MRI optic radiation imaging. Lesions affecting the optic radiation cause retrograde trans‐synaptic degeneration of retinal ganglion cells. OCT examination of the GCL in the macula identified corresponding focal damage to the optic radiation in individuals with spastic CP and can be used to predict focal visual field defects. What this paper adds Spastic cerebral palsy (CP) may be associated with damage to the optic radiation. Damage to the optic radiation causes retrograde trans‐synaptic degeneration (RTSD). RTSD can be mapped using optical coherence tomography. Ganglion cell topography can predict visual field defects in individuals with spastic CP.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retinal ganglion cell topography predicts visual field function in spastic cerebral palsy

Jacobson

Lennartsson

Nilsson

2020

Develop Med Child Neuro

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“…Patients are first shown a set of progressively complex geometric shapes (in total 27), and on each item they are asked to draw it by him/herself. (3) In the Street Completion Test 129 , 130 , participants have to recognize 11 black-and-white fragmented images that represent real objects with increasing ambiguity. (4) The Unusual Perspective test and Unusual Lighting test developed from scratch 130 , 131 contain 22 colour photographs of objects (22 images of objects photographed from unusual viewpoints and 22 images of objects presented under unusual lighting conditions) and photographs of the same objects presented in a conventional manner.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Participants have to indicate whether each item represents an animal or object that really exists. (6) In addition, two tests (described below) are aimed at assessment of semantic categorization 129 , 130 . Both the Matching by Class and the Matching by Function tests consist of 20 out of the 64 items of the original test (the Birmingham Object Recognition Battery 131 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social cognition in individuals born preterm

Pavlova

Galli

Zanetti

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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Faces hold a substantial value for effective social interactions and sharing. Covering faces with masks, due to COVID-19 regulations, may lead to difficulties in using social signals, in particular, in individuals with neurodevelopmental conditions. Daily-life social participation of individuals who were born preterm is of immense importance for their quality of life. Here we examined face tuning in individuals (aged 12.79 ± 1.89 years) who were born preterm and exhibited signs of periventricular leukomalacia (PVL), a dominant form of brain injury in preterm birth survivors. For assessing the face sensitivity in this population, we implemented a recently developed experimental tool, a set of Face-n-Food images bordering on the style of Giuseppe Arcimboldo. The key benefit of these images is that single components do not trigger face processing. Although a coarse face schema is thought to be hardwired in the brain, former preterms exhibit substantial shortages in the face tuning not only compared with typically developing controls but also with individuals with autistic spectrum disorders. The lack of correlations between the face sensitivity and other cognitive abilities indicates that these deficits are domain-specific. This underscores impact of preterm birth sequelae for social functioning at large. Comparison of the findings with data in individuals with other neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric conditions provides novel insights into the origins of deficient face processing.

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“…Thinning and decreased fractional anisotropy within the SLF has been shown to be a biomarker for PVD in children with cerebral palsy. [ 19 ]…”

Section: Higher Visual Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptual visual dysfunction in children - An Indian perspective

Pehere

Dutton

2021

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology

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Perceptual visual dysfunction (PVD) comprises a group of vision disorders resulting from dysfunction of the posterior parietal and/or temporal lobes. Often, affected children have normal/near normal visual acuities and/or visual fields, but have difficulties in activities of daily living involving the use of vision. PVDs are known to be common among children with risk factors such as a history of prematurity and/or neurodevelopmental disorders. The inferior temporal lobes and ventral stream transform visual signals into perception, while the posterior parietal lobes and dorsal stream transform visual signals to non-consciously map the scene to guide action and facilitate attention. Dysfunction of these can lead to specific visual impairments that need to be identified during history taking, triggering ascertainment of further details by a structured inventory approach. Clinical tests to elicit dorsal and ventral stream visual dysfunctions have good specificity but low sensitivity. Neuropsychologists are rarely available in the developing world to perform detailed assessments, but there are a few tests that can be used by eye care professionals with some training. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) showing thinning of the ganglion cell layer and retinal nerve fiber layer is being explored as a potential tool for rapid assessment in the clinic. The behavioral outcomes of PVD can mimic psychological conditions including autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, specific learning disability, and intellectual impairment, and one needs to be aware of overlap among these differential diagnoses. A practical functional approach providing working solutions for each child's set of difficulties in day-to-day activities is needed.

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White matter changes associated with cognitive visual dysfunctions in children with cerebral palsy: A diffusion tensor imaging study

Cited by 18 publications

References 41 publications

Retinal ganglion cell topography predicts visual field function in spastic cerebral palsy

Retinal ganglion cell topography predicts visual field function in spastic cerebral palsy

Social cognition in individuals born preterm

Perceptual visual dysfunction in children - An Indian perspective

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