“…In the past few decades, OVs have become a research topic in many areas of physics, including cold atoms in Bose-Einstein condensates (Matthews et al 1999), nonlinear optics (Kivshar and Agrawal 2003;Hansinger et al 2014Hansinger et al , 2016, fluid dynamics (Brandt et al 2002), optical communications (Li and Wang 2017), spectroscopy , interferometry (Fürhapter et al 2005), and optical metrology (Wang et al 2006b, a), just to mention a few. Ingenious applications include optical manipulation of small particles (Grier 2003), optical vortex coronagraph (Foo et al 2005), high-resolution microscopy and lithography (Scott et al 2009), and multiplexing of information for data transfer using complex optical fields (Trichili et al 2016;Gregg et al 2016;Wang et al 2012;Larocque et al 2017;Liu et al 2018).…”