White-Light Emission of a Binary Light-Harvesting Platform Based on an Amphiphilic Organic Cage

Abstract

White-light emissive materials with stable photophysical properties are of great importance for their potential applications in information display, fluorescent sensors, and optical-recording systems. Herein, an amphiphilic tetraphenylpyrazine (TPP)-based cage compound (TPP-Cage) was facilely synthesized by reaction of propeller-like TPP with aggregation-induced emission characteristics and triglycol monomethyl ether-substituted triazine. By immobilizing the twisted conformation of TPP, TPP-Cage showed obvious helical chirality in the solution and aggregated state. TPP-Cage emits strong deep blue fluorescence in solution due to the restriction of intramolecular rotation of the TPP unit. Its amphiphilic nature enables it to serve as an excellent lightharvesting platform to encapsulate diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) with aggregation-caused quenching effect in its hydrophobic cavity in aqueous medium, forming the DPP@ TPP-Cage complex. Such inclusion prevents π−π stacking of DPP enabling it to emit strong yellow-light emission in the aggregated state. Due to the complementary emission colors of TPP-Cage and DPP, DPP@TPP-Cage exhibited stable white-light emission in the aggregated state and poly(ethylene glycol) film. This work not only introduces a promising strategy for development of chiral compounds through immobilization of propellerlike achiral molecules but also provides a prospective pathway for white-light emission based on supramolecular assembly.

Mesoporous Crystalline Silver-Chalcogenolate Cluster-Assembled Material with Tailored Photoluminescence Properties

“…According to the Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage (CIE) chromaticity diagram, WLE was realized by three combined primary colors (red, green, and blue, i.e., RGB) or two complementary colors such as blue and yellow. 60,61 We obtained a maximum emission wavelength of 1 ⊃ DMAC at ∼ 454 nm, and the calculated CIE coordinates of 1 ⊃ DMAC were (0.15, 0.16), which is an indication of typical blue emission (Supporting Information Figure S13). This result inspired us to introduce a luminescence molecule with a complementary emission wavelength to 1 ⊃ DMAC, with the expectation of realizing white-light (WL) emission.…”

A stable pillared metal–organic framework constructed by H4TCPP ligand as luminescent sensor for selective detection of TNP and Fe3+ ions

“…As newly developed materials constructed by the self‐assembly of organic ligands and metal nodes into robust crystalline open structures, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have given rise to the new field of reticular chemistry, where metal ions and organic ligands are stitched together by strong bonds to make robust porous frameworks. This type of material has shown significant applications in modern material science, such as gas storage and separation, sensing, optical/electronic devices, catalysis, and drug delivery . In particular, MOF‐based fluorescent sensors show enchanting advantages of fast response, specific selectivity, and simplicity in detecting parts per million (ppm) levels of toxic species in ecological systems, such as metal ions, anion, gases vapor, and nitroaromatic explosives .…”

Molecular Engineering Approaches Towards All‐Organic White Light Emitting Materials

“…Fluorescent organic cage molecules can also be used for the incorporation of emissive dyes to achieve tunable emission through host–guest chemistry. This concept was demonstrated by Tang and co‐workers for the generation of white light emission by using an amphiphilic tetraphenylpyrazine (TPP)‐based cage compound (Figure ) . The TPP‐cage exhibited strong deep‐blue fluorescence in solution owing to the restriction of intramolecular rotation.…”

“…Such an inclusion complex prevents the π–π stacking of DPP, leading to strong yellow emission. Thus, the DPP@TPP‐cage showed white light emission in aqueous medium and poly(ethylene glycol) films at (0.36, 0.33) owing to the complementary emission colors of the TPP‐cage (blue) and DPP (yellow) . Interested readers are referred to an earlier review article for further insight on the fabrication of WLE materials based on supramolecular approaches such as metal coordination…”