White-light crosslinkable milk protein bioadhesive with ultrafast gelation for first-aid wound treatment

Abstract

Background Post-traumatic massive hemorrhage demands immediately available first-aid supplies with reduced operation time and good surgical compliance. In-situ crosslinking gels that are flexibly adapting to the wound shape have a promising potential, but it is still hard to achieve fast gelation, on-demand adhesion, and wide feasibility at the same time. Methods A white-light crosslinkable natural milk-derived casein hydrogel bioadhesive is presented for the first time. Benefiting from abundant tyrosine residues, casein hydrogel bioadhesive was synthesized by forming di-tyrosine bonds under white light with a ruthenium-based catalyst. We firstly optimized the concentration of proteins and initiators to achieve faster gelation and higher mechanical strength. Then, we examined the degradation, cytotoxicity, tissue adhesion, hemostasis, and wound healing ability of the casein hydrogels to study their potential to be used as bioadhesives. Result Rapid gelation of casein hydrogel is initiated with an outdoor flashlight, a cellphone flashlight, or an endoscopy lamp, which facilitates its usage during first-aid and minimally invasive operations. The rapid gelation enables 3D printing of the casein hydrogel and excellent hemostasis even during liver hemorrhage due to section injury. The covalent binding between casein and tissue enables robust adhesion which can withstand more than 180 mmHg blood pressure. Moreover, the casein-based hydrogel can facilitate post-traumatic wound healing caused by trauma due to its biocompatibility. Conclusion Casein-based bioadhesives developed in this study pave a way for broad and practical application in emergency wound management.

Promoted Skin Wound Healing by Tail-Amputated Eisenia foetida Proteins via the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK Signaling Pathway

“…Protein products will contribute to the treatment for emergency skin wound immediately. 29 Based on the proteins extracted from E. foetida that had positive effects on skin wound healing, we further discovered that the therapeutic effect of tail-amputated earthworm was better than that of the un-amputated one. In our previous studies, we discovered higher bFGF expression in skin wounds after treating with tail-amputated earthworm homogenate, indicating the therapeutic mechanism for this extract.…”

“…Protein products will contribute to the treatment for emergency skin wound immediately . Based on the proteins extracted from E.…”

Multifunctional Casein-Based Wound Dressing Capable of Monitoring and Moderating the Proteolytic Activity of Chronic Wounds

“…27 Zhu and colleagues developed a photocurable casein-based hydrogel with the perspective application in emergency wounds. 28 The susceptibility of casein to proteolysis has been exploited in protease assays 29 and for developing systems that respond to bacterial proteases 30 or the proteolytic milieu of tumor tissues. 31 The present research aimed to develop a casein-based substrate that responds to a variety of proteases offers insight into the overall proteolytic activity rather than just the activity of one or two specific proteases, and does this without depending on a special instrument, kit, or even skill.…”

Programing Cell Assembly via Ink-Free, Label-Free Magneto-Archimedes Based Strategy

“…The spatial deposition of bio-inks is guided by templates such as elastomeric stamps, 3 stencils, 4 photomasks, 5 or graphs in computers. 6,7 Cells are patterned with or after ink patterning. There are certain limitations of these indirect strategies: (i) Special requirements such as fast gelation or adequate viscosity are raised in materials to keep the configuration of patterns; usually defined by the previously designed patterns, which were hard to modulate during the cell culturing process.…”

“…Thus, cells were operated indirectly through the control of materials that can be considered as the “ink” for bioprinting. The spatial deposition of bio-inks is guided by templates such as elastomeric stamps, stencils, photomasks, or graphs in computers. , Cells are patterned with or after ink patterning. There are certain limitations of these indirect strategies: (i) Special requirements such as fast gelation or adequate viscosity are raised in materials to keep the configuration of patterns; (ii) complex and tedious fabrication procedures and expensive instruments are usually required; (iii) cellular patterns are usually defined by the previously designed patterns, which were hard to modulate during the cell culturing process.…”