White Ginseng Protects Mouse Hippocampal Cells Against Amyloid-Beta Oligomer Toxicity

Choi, Jin Gyu; Kim, Namkwon; Huh, Eugene; Lee, Hwan; Oh, Myeong Hwan; Park, Jong Dae; Pyo, Mi Kyung; Oh, Myung Sook

doi:10.1002/ptr.5776

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…In addition, the AβO-injected mice treated with WGE exhibited a restoration of reduced synaptophysin and ChAT intensity, and lower levels of ionized calcium-binding adaptor molecule 1 in the hippocampus compared with those of the vehicle-treated controls. These results suggest that WGE reverses memory impairment in AD by attenuating neuronal damage and neuroinflammation in the hippocampus of mice injected with AβO (42).…”

Section: Ginsenosides and The Acetylcholine Levelmentioning

confidence: 72%

Panax ginseng components and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (Review)

et al. 2019

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Ginseng is one of the main representatives of traditional Chinese medicine and presents a wide range of pharmacological actions. Ginsenosides are the main class of active compounds found in ginseng. They demonstrate unique biological activity and medicinal value, namely antitumour, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, as well as anti-apoptotic properties. Increasing levels of stress in life are responsible for the increased incidence of nervous system diseases. Neurological diseases create a huge burden on the lives and health of individuals. In recent years, studies have indicated that ginsenosides play a pronounced positive role in the prevention and treatment of neurological diseases. Nevertheless, research is still at an early stage of development, and the complex mechanisms of action involved remain largely unknown. This review aimed to shed light into what is currently known about the mechanisms of action of ginsenosides in relation to Alzheimer's disease. Scientific material and theoretical bases for the treatment of nervous system diseases with purified Panax ginseng extracts are also discussed.

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Section: Ginsenosides and The Acetylcholine Levelmentioning

confidence: 72%

Panax ginseng components and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (Review)

et al. 2019

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“…The extracts were orally administered at a dose of 100 mg/kg every other day for 4 weeks (Figure S2). The dose was determined based on previous studies examining the effects of RGE using animal models [96,97,98]. The experiment was conducted in three groups: (1) WT+vehicle ( n = 6), (2) 5XFAD+vehicle ( n = 7), and (3) 5XFAD+RGE ( n = 6).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Red Ginseng Attenuates Aβ-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Aβ-mediated Pathology in an Animal Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

Shin

Jeon

Kim

et al. 2019

IJMS

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease and is characterized by neurodegeneration and cognitive deficits. Amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide is known to be a major cause of AD pathogenesis. However, recent studies have clarified that mitochondrial deficiency is also a mediator or trigger for AD development. Interestingly, red ginseng (RG) has been demonstrated to have beneficial effects on AD pathology. However, there is no evidence showing whether RG extract (RGE) can inhibit the mitochondrial deficit-mediated pathology in the experimental models of AD. The effects of RGE on Aβ-mediated mitochondrial deficiency were investigated in both HT22 mouse hippocampal neuronal cells and the brains of 5XFAD Aβ-overexpressing transgenic mice. To examine whether RGE can affect mitochondria-related pathology, we used immunohistostaining to study the effects of RGE on Aβ accumulation, neuroinflammation, neurodegeneration, and impaired adult hippocampal neurogenesis in hippocampal formation of 5XFAD mice. In vitro and in vivo findings indicated that RGE significantly improves Aβ-induced mitochondrial pathology. In addition, RGE significantly ameliorated AD-related pathology, such as Aβ deposition, gliosis, and neuronal loss, and deficits in adult hippocampal neurogenesis in brains with AD. Our results suggest that RGE may be a mitochondria-targeting agent for the treatment of AD.

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“…It has been revealed that ginsenoside contents of WG are Rg 1-2 , Rb 1-3 , and R c-f [14, 15]. WG has been reported to have therapeutic effects on hyperlipidemia, obesity, cancer, and Alzheimer's disease [14–18]. Nevertheless, antidepressant effects of WG in an animal model of menopausal depression have not been reported yet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

White Ginseng Ameliorates Depressive Behavior and Increases Hippocampal 5-HT Level in the Stressed Ovariectomized Rats

Jang

Lee

et al. 2019

BioMed Research International

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Postmenopausal depression is closely associated with depletion of estrogen which modulates transmission of 5-HT, a key neurotransmitter that regulates stress-managing circuits in the brain. In this study, antidepressive efficacy of white ginseng (Panax gingseng Meyer, WG) was evaluated in stressed ovariectomized rats. Female Sprague Dawley rats were ovariectomized and repeatedly restraint stressed for 2 weeks (2h/day). Thirty minutes before restraint stress, rats were administered saline (control), WG 200 mg/kg (p.o.), WG 400 mg/kg (p.o.), or fluoxetine (PC, 10 mg/kg, i.p.). Tail suspension test (TST) and forced swimming test (FST) were performed to assess antidepressant effect of WG. After behavioral tests, levels of serum corticosterone (CORT) and hippocampal 5-HT were measured. Significant decrease of immobility time in TST and FST was shown in rats administered with PC or WG 400 compared to the control. WG200-treated rats showed remarkable reduction in immobility time of TST. PC, WG 200, or WG 400-administred group exhibited significant reduction of CORT compared to the control. PC or WG-treated rats exhibited remarkable increase in hippocampal 5-HT concentration compared to the control. Hippocampal 5-HT levels in WG groups were higher than those in the PC group. The present study demonstrated that WG had antidepressant efficacy in an animal model of menopausal depression. Treatment with WG enhanced hippocampal 5-HT level while suppressing depressive symptom and serum CORT level. These results provide evidence that WG plays an important role in activating serotonergic neurons in stressful situation, suggesting that WG might be a reliable natural alternative of antidepressant drugs to treat menopausal depression.

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White Ginseng Protects Mouse Hippocampal Cells Against Amyloid-Beta Oligomer Toxicity

Cited by 24 publications

References 43 publications

Panax ginseng components and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (Review)

Panax ginseng components and the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (Review)

Red Ginseng Attenuates Aβ-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Aβ-mediated Pathology in an Animal Model of Alzheimer’s Disease

White Ginseng Ameliorates Depressive Behavior and Increases Hippocampal 5-HT Level in the Stressed Ovariectomized Rats

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