White adipose tissue fatty acids of alpine marmots during their yearly cycle

Cochet, Nathalie; Georges, Béatrice; Meister, Roger; Florant, Gregory L.; Barré, Hervé

doi:10.1007/s11745-999-0364-x

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(38 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The alpine marmot (Marmota marmota) is a species that exhibits an internally rather than photoperiod-driven seasonal body fat rhythm (circannual rhythm) and reverses its obese state during hibernation by voluntarily fasting (13). These animals have decreased responsiveness to catecholamine-induced lipolysis in both gonadal WAT and subcutaneous WAT during this lipid-loss phase (14), an effect opposite to that seen in the present study when Siberian hamsters are mobilizing their fat stores.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

Short photoperiod exposure increases adipocyte sensitivity to noradrenergic stimulation in Siberian hamsters

Bowers¹,

Gettys²,

Prpić³

et al. 2005

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Siberian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus) exhibit a naturally occurring, reversible seasonal obesity with body fat peaking in long "summerlike" days (LDs) and reaching a nadir in short "winterlike" days (SDs). These SDinduced decreases in adiposity are mediated largely via sympathetic nervous system (SNS) innervation of white adipose tissue (WAT), as indicated by increased WAT norepinephrine (NE) turnover. We examined whether SDs also increase sensitivity to NE-stimulated lipolysis. This was accomplished by measuring NE-and ␤ 3-adrenoceptor (␤ 3-AR) agonist (BRL-37344)-induced lipolysis (glycerol release) as well as NE-induced cAMP accumulation by inguinal, epididymal, and retroperitoneal WAT (IWAT, EWAT, and RWAT) in isolated adipocytes of LD-and SD-housed hamsters. SDs increased potency/efficacy of NE-triggered lipolysis in a temporally and fat pad-specific manner. Thus when WAT pad mass decreased most rapidly (5 wk of SDs), potency (sensitivity/EC 50) and efficacy (maximal response asymptote) of NE-stimulated lipolysis were increased for all WAT pads and also at 10 wk for IWAT compared with their LD counterparts. SD enhancement of lipolysis was similar for NE and BRL-37344 in IWAT adipocytes. These results, coupled with our previous demonstration that SDs upregulate WAT ␤ 3-AR mRNA expression, suggest that increased ␤ 3-ARs mediated the SD-induced increased NE sensitivity. NE-stimulated adipocyte accumulation of cAMP was greater after 5 wk of SDs for IWAT and EWAT and after 10 wk of SDs for IWAT compared with LDs, with no photoperiod effect for RWAT. Therefore, the SD-induced increase in SNS drive to WAT and increased sensitivity to this drive may work together to increase lipolysis in SDs.lipolysis; body fat; BRL-37344; body weight; sympathetic ENERGY IS PRIMARILY STORED as triacylglycerols in mammals. The vast majority of lipids are located in white adipose tissue (WAT), with considerably lesser amounts stored in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and other organs. WAT functions as a depot for energy storage, whereas BAT can dissipate chemical energy as heat through uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation from electron transport in its mitochondria (for review see Ref. 8). During positive energy balance, food intake is greater than energy expenditure and lipid is deposited in WAT, whereas during negative energy balance, lipid is mobilized from WAT and transferred to BAT, muscle, and other tissues for oxidation. Chronic positive energy balance generates obesity, a condition that is not readily reversed in most mammals including humans. Obesity typically is associated with serious health risks that include the development of the metabolic syndrome, type II diabetes, and some cancers (35). There are, however, several species of mammals that exhibit seasonal obesity, with increasing adiposity at certain times of the year and decreasing adiposity at other times. Interestingly, although some of these obesities show characteristics similar to those associated with the negative consequences of obesity in humans, we are unaware...

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 87%

Short photoperiod exposure increases adipocyte sensitivity to noradrenergic stimulation in Siberian hamsters

Bowers¹,

Gettys²,

Prpić³

et al. 2005

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Some observations seem to point in this direction. When captured in the wild, and subsequently fed laboratory diets, both alpine marmots (M. marmota) and yellow-bellied marmots (M. flaviventris) increase the relative proportion of oleic acid in the white adipose tissue to a level, that is higher than that offered in the diet, while at the same time reducing the relative proportion of PUFA to a level lower than that found in the diet (Florant et al, 1993;Thorp et al, 1994;Cochet et al, 1999). Because this pattern remains stable for months and throughout exposure to low T a in the laboratory, it seems that both alpine marmots and yellow-bellied marmots either actively synthesize or preferentially accumulate high levels of oleic acid (18:1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although analyses of the fatty acid content of various membranes have been performed (Geiser, 1990(Geiser, , 1991Geiser et al, 1994), depot fat composition was most commonly measured in laboratory studies (Florant et al, 1990(Florant et al, , 1993Geiser, 1990Geiser, , 1991Frank, 1992;Thorp et al, 1994;Geiser et al, 1994;Storey, 1995, 1996;Corn, 1997;Cochet et al, 1999;Hill and Florant, 2000;Harlow and Frank, 2001). Fatty acid composition of depot fats was also determined for free-ranging animals (Florant et al, 1990;Frank, 1991Frank, , 1992Frank et al, 1998;Hill and Florant, 1999;Harlow and Frank, 2001;Lehmer and Van Horne, 2001;Falkenstein et al, 2001) which provides valuable data for comparison with compositions of animals following experimental diet manipulations.…”

Section: Pufa Content Of Depot Fatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the expression of torpor by mammals: a review

Munro

Thomas

2004

Zoology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The steps of FA accumulation have been previously investigated in laboratory animals and humans [36,[41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48] but rarely in seasonal mammals. In the captive alpine marmot (Marmota marmota) the FA composition of the sc and gonadal WAT did not change in spite of hibernation and the subsequent refeeding period with fat accumulation [49]. Wild Belding's ground squirrels (Spermophilus beldingi), on the other hand, accumulated 16:1n-7 and 18:1n-9 during the fattening period between summer and autumn with a simultaneous decrease in the proportion of 18:3n-3 in the sc and intraabdominal adipose tissues [50].…”

Section: Selective Incorporation Of Fa Into the Sc Adipose Tissuementioning

confidence: 94%

Selective Seasonal Fatty Acid Accumulation and Mobilization in the Wild Raccoon Dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides)

Mustonen

Asikainen

Aho

et al. 2007

Lipids

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Previous studies on laboratory rodents, rabbits and humans have demonstrated that fatty acid (FA) mobilization from white adipose tissue (WAT) is selective and its efficiency is related to FA structure. Selective FA mobilization was also documented in a carnivore, the farmed raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides), fasted for 8 weeks. The present study explored whether similar selectivity of FA mobilization was manifested in wild mammals experiencing seasonal food scarcity and abundance. Fractional mobilization from and incorporation into WAT of a wide spectrum of FA were studied by gas-liquid chromatography from the subcutaneous WAT of free-ranging raccoon dogs with the same individuals sampled in consecutive seasons. The wintertime FA mobilization was selective and mostly confirmed the patterns of FA release in captivity. Mobilization correlated inversely with the FA chain length but increased with unsaturation and when the first double bond was located closer to the methyl end. 18-20 C n-3 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) and 14-17 C monounsaturated FA (MUFA) were preferentially mobilized while 19-24 C saturated FA and MUFA were preserved during wintering. The summertime FA incorporation correlated inversely with the chain length and increased with unsaturation and in MUFA and PUFA with double bonds closer to the methyl end. The principles of selective FA mobilization were valid in wild mammals. FA incorporation was also selective and reversed the wintertime losses of the preferably mobilized FA.

show abstract

White adipose tissue fatty acids of alpine marmots during their yearly cycle

Cited by 26 publications

References 35 publications

Short photoperiod exposure increases adipocyte sensitivity to noradrenergic stimulation in Siberian hamsters

Short photoperiod exposure increases adipocyte sensitivity to noradrenergic stimulation in Siberian hamsters

The role of polyunsaturated fatty acids in the expression of torpor by mammals: a review

Selective Seasonal Fatty Acid Accumulation and Mobilization in the Wild Raccoon Dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About