“…A survey of 600 colleges and universities conducted by researchers at Middlesex University in 2000 (henceforward the Middlesex education survey), revealed that 91% of respondents had a whistleblowing procedure, 1 43% of these procedures had been in operation for more than twelve months. When asked why their procedure had been introduced, 260 institutions indicated that it was a result of good practice, 193 suggested compliance with the law, 114 stated that it was a management initiative, 6 said that it was prompted by an incident, and two mentioned that it was introduced as a result of a trade union initiative (Lewis, Ellis, Kyprianou and Homewood 2001).…”