Whiplash-Associated Disorders. Biopsychosocial Profiles of Pain Perception in Forensic Cases of Victims of Motor Vehicle Accidents

Pina, David; Puente-López, Esteban; Hernández, José Antonio Ruíz; Ruíz-Cabello, Aurelio Luna; Aguerrevere, Luis E.; Magalhães, Teresa

doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.716513

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The systematic review found no studies evaluating the content validity of PROMs of Quality of Life in patients with WAD and very low-quality evidence for content validity based on reviewer ratings. Only 3 PROMs fulfilled criteria of having at least one study of internal structure in a WAD sample: the SF-36 total sum score, 24 the SF-6D, and the EQ-5D-3L. 25 The SF-36 total sum score is not a recommended approach.…”

Section: Quality-of-life Domainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recommendations for a core outcome measurement set for clinical trials in whiplash associated disorders

Sterling

Andersen

Carroll

et al. 2023

Pain

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Inconsistent reporting of outcomes in clinical trials of treatments for whiplash associated disorders (WAD) hinders effective data pooling and conclusions about treatment effectiveness. A multidisciplinary International Steering Committee recently recommended 6 core outcome domains: Physical Functioning, Perceived Recovery, Work and Social Functioning, Psychological Functioning, Quality of Life and Pain. This study aimed to reach consensus and recommend a core outcome set (COS) representing each of the 6 domains. Forty-three patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) were identified for Physical Functioning, 2 for perceived recovery, 37 for psychological functioning, 17 for quality of life, and 2 for pain intensity. They were appraised in 5 systematic reviews following COSMIN methodology. No PROMs of Work and Social Functioning in WAD were identified. No PROMs had undergone evaluation of content validity in patients with WAD, but some had moderate-to-high-quality evidence for sufficient internal structure. Based on these results, the International Steering Committee reached 100% consensus to recommend the following COS: Neck Disability Index or Whiplash Disability Questionnaire (Physical Functioning), the Global Rating of Change Scale (Perceived Recovery), one of the Pictorial Fear of Activity Scale-Cervical, Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, Pain Catastrophizing Scale, Harvard Trauma Questionnaire, or Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale (Psychological Functioning), EQ-5D-3L or SF-6D (Quality of Life), numeric pain rating scale or visual analogue scale (Pain), and single-item questions pertaining to current work status and percent of usual work (Work and Social Functioning). These recommendations reflect the current status of research of PROMs of the 6 core outcome domains and may be modified as evidence grows.

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Section: Quality-of-life Domainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recommendations for a core outcome measurement set for clinical trials in whiplash associated disorders

Sterling

Andersen

Carroll

et al. 2023

Pain

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“…However, rear-end impacts are most common in injury statistics. Women are 1.5–3 times more prone to neck injuries than men [ 19 , 20 , 21 ]. It should be noted that in most modern cars, improved seat design is the dominant measure to enhance passenger protection against neck injuries in rear-end collisions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Changing the Angle of the Passenger Car Seat Backrest on the Head Trajectories of the 50th Percentile Male Dummy

Frej

2024

Sensors

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The aim of the study is to compare the head displacement of the KPSIT C50 dummy during a frontal collision at a speed of 20 km/h, along with the change in the angle of the car seat backrest. Passenger car manufacturers recommend setting the backrest angle of the car seat between 100 and 125 degrees. It should be noted that the driver’s position is of great importance in the event of a collision injury. In the event of a rear-end collision, the position of the headrest of the car seat is an element that affects the degree of the driver’s injuries. In extreme cases, incorrect positioning of the headrest, even at low speed, can lead to serious injuries to the cervical spine and even death. The article is part of a large-scale study on low-speed crash testing. The research problem concerned the influence of the seat backrest angle on the head displacement during a low-speed collision. The article compares the displacement of the head of the KPSIT C50 dummy during a series of crash tests, where the angle of the car seat backrest was changed. On the basis of the research, it was found that the optimal angle of the car seat backrest is 110 degrees. In addition, a preliminary analysis of the displacements of the dummy’s head showed a high risk of whiplash injury in people sitting in a fully reclined seat.

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“…The use of multiple sources of information for the assessment of symptom validity, as well as self-report measures, can be especially effective in WAD, as it is compatible with the biopsychosocial model of the disease (Campbell et al, 2018;Pina et al, 2021;Sterling, 2011). Pain and other psychosocial variables, such as anxiety, depression, perception of disability, alteration in the quality of life, or attitude toward the illness situation play a major role in the development of WAD (Björsenius et al, 2020;Campbell et al, 2018;Sterling, 2011).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-report Measures for Symptom Validity Assessment in Whiplash-associated Disorders

Pina

Puente-López

Deeb

et al. 2022

The European Journal of Psychology Applied to Legal Context

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Background/Objective: Whiplash-Associated Disorders (WAD) are one of the most complex conditions to evaluate because several of its symptoms are not observable with current diagnostic methods and cannot be quantified or evaluated correctly. No method is currently available to assess the risk of malingering in the aforementioned condition efficiently. Our aim is to study the capacity of several biopsychosocial psychometric self-report instruments, such as the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), the Cervical Disability Index (NDI), the SF-36 Health Questionnaire, the Beck Anxiety and Depression Inventories (BDI-II and BAI), or the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ), to discriminate between patients diagnosed with WAD following a vehicle accident and non-clinical participants with malingering instructions. Method: A simulation design was used with 630 participants: 200 non-clinical controls with honest responding condition, 201 instructed malingerers, and 229 WAD clinical outpatients. Results: Our results showed an AUC range of .60 to .90, with the highest value being that of the BPI (.90), followed by the NDI (.88), and the lowest value that of the BIPQ (.60), followed by the BAI (.71). Conclusions: Overall, the BPI, the NDI, and SF-36 can correctly discriminate between groups with a good specificity (> 90%), while the BAI, BDI, and BIPQ showed a lower capacity, with a high rate of false positives in the case of the BDI and of false negatives in the other two. Practical and research implications are discussed. Medidas de autoinforme para la evaluación de la validez de los síntomas del síndrome del latigazo cervical R E S U M E NAntecedentes/Objetivo: El Síndrome del Latigazo Cervical (WAD) es una de las condiciones más complejas de evaluar debido a que varios de los síntomas que presenta no son objetivables con los métodos diagnósticos actuales y no puede cuantificarse ni evaluarse correctamente. En la actualidad no se dispone de ningún método eficiente para valorar el riesgo de simulación en la citada condición. Nuestro objetivo es estudiar la capacidad de varios instrumentos psicométricos biopsicosociales de autoinforme,

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Whiplash-Associated Disorders. Biopsychosocial Profiles of Pain Perception in Forensic Cases of Victims of Motor Vehicle Accidents

Cited by 4 publications

References 53 publications

Recommendations for a core outcome measurement set for clinical trials in whiplash associated disorders

Recommendations for a core outcome measurement set for clinical trials in whiplash associated disorders

The Effect of Changing the Angle of the Passenger Car Seat Backrest on the Head Trajectories of the 50th Percentile Male Dummy

Self-report Measures for Symptom Validity Assessment in Whiplash-associated Disorders

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