Which parameters affect cytosolic free calcium in polymorphonuclear leukocytes of haemodialysis patients?

Abstract

PMN [Ca(2+)](i) is modulated by various parameters in HD patients, including the degree of anaemia, disturbances of calcium metabolism, and duration of dialysis treatment. The elevated [Ca(2+)](i) of resting PMNs might contribute to altered functions in these cells.

Blockade of Renin-Angiotensin System Reduces QT Dispersion and Improves Intracellular Ca/Mg Status in Hemodialysis Patients

“…Therefore, low total intracellular Ca levels observed in the present study in PBMC from HD patients might reflect the notoriously recognized Ca depletion of the intracellular body stores in this patient category. In this respect, elevation of total intracellular Ca observed in PBMC from these patients following either cilazapril or valsartan treatment, is consistent with previous publications indicating that for a variety of other cell types suppression of RAS by ACE inhibition or by AT-1 receptor blockade results in elevation of intracellular Ca [30,31,32,33,34,35]. More so, this would indicate that RAS inhibition, in addition to reducing the QTd levels, positively affects Ca homeostasis in HD patients.…”

“…According to the literature, this is probably not surprising, since we have been able to maintain our patient population on normal serum Ca, Mg and phosphate levels, and since all our patients have been receiving erythropoietin for a long time period [30], including the time of the study. When, following treatment with either cilazapril or valsartan, the isolated PBMC from HD patients were stimulated with PHA, a substantial transient transmembrane influx of Ca 2+ to the cytosol was evident.…”

“…In addition, in a number of studies, targeting RAS has been demonstrated to interfere with intracellular Ca 2+ handling [30,31,32,33,34,35]. Thus, ACEi were shown, in parallel with inhibition of angiotensin II release, to prevent degradation of bradykinin and directly activate bradykinin-1 receptor in various cultured cell lines [36, 37].…”

“…Consequently, any process bringing about elevation of the resting level of cytosolic free Ca 2+ would result in decreased responsiveness of the cell to the activating stimuli [30]. …”

Plasma calprotectin in chronically dialyzed end-stage renal disease patients

“…Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) play a crucial role in inflammatory cascade in ESRD patients [13][14][15][16][17]. Impaired chemotaxis, phagocytic capacity, bactericidal activity, and metabolic dysfunction of these cells in dialyzed patients have been reported [18][19][20].…”