Which Homeless Veterans Benefit From a Peer Mentor and How?

Resnik, Linda; Ekerholm, Sarah; Johnson, Erin E.; Ellison, Marsha Langer; O’Toole, Thomas

doi:10.1002/jclp.22407

Cited by 21 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Although the exact job tasks of peer navigators vary by location, in general, VA peer navigators are veterans who have experience with homelessness and/or with navigating the VA health care system and can therefore serve as resources for their peers. These peer support resources have shown promise in supporting African American homeless veterans [ 86 ]: one study in particular found that homeless African Americans perceived peer navigators to be a useful source of practical logistical information and a resource for troubleshooting creative ways to engage meaningfully in the health system [ 87 ]. Another study on peer navigators found that ninety percent of homeless veterans accessing peer navigator services identified as members of minority groups; when peer navigators share demographic characteristics and identities with those they serve, veterans may feel more trusting and be more amenable to accessing care [ 56 ].…”

Section: Barriers To Access and Interventions/tools By Dimensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Service Access Among Homeless Veterans: Health Access Challenges Faced by Homeless African American Veterans

Crone

Metraux

Sbrocco

2021

J. Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities

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Veteran homelessness is a public health crisis, especially among the disproportionate number of minority veterans in the homeless veteran population. African American homeless veterans in particular face unique challenges accessing appropriate health care services to meet their medical needs. Their needs are often underrepresented in the literature on veteran homelessness. Drawing together over 80 studies and government reports from the last two decades, this review provides a timely synopsis of homeless veterans’ health care access, with a particular focus on the barriers faced by African American veterans. This review employs Penchansky and Thomas’ Access Model to frame health access barriers faced by homeless veterans, dialing in on what is known about the experience of African American veterans, within the five dimensions of access: Availability, Accessibility, Accommodation, Affordability, and Acceptability. Actionable guidance and targeted interventions to address health access barriers for all veterans are delineated with a focus on the need to gather further data for African American homeless veterans and to consider tailoring interventions for this important and underserved group.

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Section: Barriers To Access and Interventions/tools By Dimensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Service Access Among Homeless Veterans: Health Access Challenges Faced by Homeless African American Veterans

Crone

Metraux

Sbrocco

2021

J. Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities

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“…That said, there is some evidence that curricular attention to homelessness can moderately improve attitudes toward patients experiencing homelessness among trainees (Buchanan et al, 2004). And other work suggests that patient-level peers can have positive impacts on behavioral health, and on primary care in VA’s Homeless Patient Aligned Care Teams (Barker & Maguire, 2017; Resnik et al, 2017).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Quality of Primary Care for Patients Who Experience Homelessness and the Clinicians Who Serve Them: What Are Their Aspirations?

et al. 2020

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To develop and evaluate an effective model of patient-centered, high-quality, homeless-focused primary care, our team explored key domains of primary care that may be important to patients. We anchored our conceptual framework in two reports from the Institute of Medicine (IOM) that defined components of primary care and quality of care. Using questions developed from this framework, we conducted semistructured interviews with 36 homeless-experienced individuals with past-year primary care engagement and 24 health care professionals (clinicians and researchers) who serve homeless-experienced patients in the primary care setting. Template analysis revealed factors important to this population. These included stigma, respect, and perspectives on patient control of medical decision-making in regard to both pain and addiction. For patients experiencing homelessness, the results suggest that quality primary care may have different meanings for patients and professionals, and that services should be tailored to meet homeless-specific needs.

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“…In a study of peer mentorship for veterans enrolled in primary care who were living on the street or in temporary shelters, Resnik et al (2017) reported a nonsignificant effect of the program on participants' social support. The authors indicated that implementation issues may have influenced the result, for example, the peer support intervention may have been too brief for a relationship to develop between peer support workers and service users, and peer support workers may have lacked the knowledge required to help service users to navigate health and shelter services (Resnik, Eckerholm, Johnson, Ellison, & O'Toole, 2017).…”

Section: Relational Antecedentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empowering Features and Outcomes of Homeless Interventions: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis

O'Shaughnessy

Greenwood

2020

American J of Comm Psychol

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The purpose of this systematic review and narrative synthesis was to identify homeless interventions with empowering features and evaluate their effectiveness for developing the psychological empowerment of services users. To identify and evaluate intervention studies, we combined the theoretical frameworks of empowering settings and psychological empowerment (PE). Our conceptualization of PE included outcomes aligned with the intrapersonal, interactional, and behavioral components. Relational outcomes were also included and conceptualized as antecedents for PE development. After systematic searching and screening, 37 studies were included for review. Interventions with empowering features included supported housing, case management, skills and knowledge acquisition, and mutual support. Interventions that were competency‐building effectively improved outcomes aligned with the intrapersonal PE component. Interventions that were collaborative and competency‐building effectively improved outcomes aligned with the behavioral PE component. Weak evidence suggested that interventions with empowering features may effectively improve outcomes aligned with the interactional PE component. Interventions that promoted and developed support effectively improved relational antecedents. Findings align the empirical evidence for homeless interventions with theoretical conceptions of empowering features and processes. Findings may be applied to the design and implementation of homeless interventions to incorporate empowering features and to facilitate the development of homeless services users’ PE. Empowerment theory was applied to review homeless interventions literature. Empowering homeless interventions included supported housing and mutual support, for example. Empowering interventions contributed to indicators of emotional and behavioral empowerment. Fewer empowering interventions contributed to indicators of cognitive empowerment. Service user involvement may facilitate improvements in indicators of psychological empowerment.

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Which Homeless Veterans Benefit From a Peer Mentor and How?

Abstract: The majority of Veteran participants in this study benefited from receiving peer mentor intervention. African American Veterans were more likely to benefit and Veterans with PTSD were less likely to benefit. Client endorsement of the peer's role influenced outcomes.

Cited by 21 publications

References 26 publications

Health Service Access Among Homeless Veterans: Health Access Challenges Faced by Homeless African American Veterans

Health Service Access Among Homeless Veterans: Health Access Challenges Faced by Homeless African American Veterans

Exploring Quality of Primary Care for Patients Who Experience Homelessness and the Clinicians Who Serve Them: What Are Their Aspirations?

Empowering Features and Outcomes of Homeless Interventions: A Systematic Review and Narrative Synthesis

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