Which factor explains the life‐history of <scp><i>Xanthium strumarium</i></scp> L., an aggressive alien invasive plant species, along its altitudinal gradient?

Ullah, Rafi; Khan, Nasrullah; Ali, Karamat

doi:10.1002/pld3.375

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…The species was also found to negatively impact the diversity of communities, facilitated by effective propagation and invasive potential, a feature that relates to its high germination percentage. Additionally, phytosociological characteristics of X. strumarium changed across the elevation gradient, suggesting a shift in phenological, morphological, and biomass allocation that was recently reported by [107] in the invaded habitats of the same region. Given its strong invasion potential, we recommend eradicating the species through ecological management, for example, by introducing native plant crops that can compete equally with this species.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Invasive Species as Rivals: Invasive Potential and Distribution Pattern of Xanthium strumarium L.

et al. 2022

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Xanthium strumarium L. is a globally successful invasive herb that has had significant negative ecological, economic and social impacts in many world regions. The present study was therefore conducted to evaluate the invasive potential and spatial distribution patterns of X. strumarium in heavily invaded plant communities of the semiarid regions of northern Pakistan. Investigations were based on data from 20 plants grown in the Herbarium at the University of Malakand, and from observations in 450 plots distributed across 45 stands representing habitats across Northern Province including open fields, hillocks and abandoned areas in both urban and rural areas. Multivariate analysis identified elevation, organic matter and organic carbon as the environmental variables most associated with communities invaded by X. strumarium. Increased soil silt was positively associated and available water was negatively associated with X. strumarium–invaded communities. These key environmental characteristics allowed us to identify four main associations: Group I: X. strumarium-C. sativa, Group II: X. strumarium-P. hysterophorus, Group III: X. strumarium-A. aspera and Group IV: X. strumarium-C. sativa. Other invasive species were observed, either exotic, such as P. hysterophorus, or indigenous, such as C. sativa and D. inoxia, often co-occurring and responding similarly to these factors. The results suggest that high temperature with drought stress could be a determinant of increasing population at lower elevations, whereas colder climates with adequate moisture are related to reduced populations at higher elevations, near the species’ upper range limits. It is recommend that the inclusion of appropriate, additional soil and climatic variables in species distribution models be implemented in order to better explain species’ ecological niches and help guide conservation and protection plans for native plant communities.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 51%

Invasive Species as Rivals: Invasive Potential and Distribution Pattern of Xanthium strumarium L.

et al. 2022

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“…In S. marianum, this study found evident and substantial differences in PFTs over the altitudinal gradient. Ullah et al (2022) in Xanthium strumarium (X. strumarium) and Rathee et al (2021) in Parthenium hysterophorus (P. hysterophorus) found similar trends of RL/P, AGPH/P, and RDW characteristics, while Hattori et al (2016) in Impatiens textori Miq. found similar pattern variations in flower dimension, RL/P, and AGPH/P.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Environment-Driven Changes in the Functional Traits of Milk Thistle [Silybum marianum (L). Gaertn.] Along an Altitudinal Gradient in the Semi-Arid Environment: Perspective on Future Plant Invasion

Khan

Ullah²,

Alamri³

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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The elevation is an important gradient across which the environmental variables and plant traits vary and is considered as a barrier to the recent global problem of plant invasion. However, certain invasive plants show plasticity traits to adapt and cope with the changes across the elevation. Silybum marianum (S. marianum) is one such invasive species widely spread in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Therefore, this study investigates the traits plasticity and invasive behaviors of this plant species across the elevation gradient. Plant functional traits (PFTs) and environmental variables were recorded in forty different low, middle, and high elevation sites. The plant shows a decrease in plant functional traits, i.e., above-ground plant height/plant, leaf length/leaf, leaf width/leaf, leaf dry weight/plant, vegetative dry weight/plant, and number of capitula/plant having the significance of p < 0.05. In contrast, the dry reproductive weight does not change significantly with elevation, while the root length increases across the elevation. The soil and environmental variables such as organic matter, lime percentage, and latitude significantly affected the PFTs. The importance value index of the species was also related to elevation and diversity indices, i.e., species richness, Shannon–Wiener diversity index, and evenness index, indicating that the invasion has strong effects on diversity. This study concludes that S. marianum has traits plasticity across the elevation and affects community diversity. Further investigation is required to understand the invasion and diversity parameters in a better way.

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“… 2021 ; Ullah, Khan, Ali, et al 2021 ; Ullah, Khan, and Rahman 2021 ; Zhang et al. 2021 ; Müller-Kiefer and Tomasello 2022 ; Ullah, Khan, Ali, 2022 ; Ullah, Khan, Hewitt, et al 2022 ). Interestingly, the presence of X. orientale may contribute to the decline of X. strumarium in a natural environment (Müller-Kiefer and Tomasello 2022 ), and mycoherbicides treatment and natural enemies release, such as polyphagous insect herbivores, that do not affect crop plants may help limit Xanthium spp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 2021 ; Shkondrov et al. 2021 ; Ullah, Khan, Ali, et al 2021 ; Ullah, Khan, and Rahman 2021 ; CABI 2022 ; Jepson Flora Project 2022 ; Ullah, Khan, and Ali 2022 ; Ullah, Khan, Hewitt, et al 2022 ; WCVP 2022 ; WFO 2022 ). Alternatively, the use of X. strumarium as a medicine could have been invented by our ancestors independently/simultaneously in Europe, America, and Asia.…”

Section: Pharmacological and Other Applications Of Plants Producing A...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 2005 ; Tomasello 2018 ; Noedoost et al. 2021 ; Ullah, Khan, Ali, et al 2021 ; Ullah, Khan, and Rahman 2021 ; Jepson Flora Project 2022 ; Ullah, Khan, and Ali 2022 ; Ullah, Khan, Hewitt, et al 2022 ). In fact, the bur is the fruit pod developed from fused involucre in which bract tips are transformed into spines, and the bur derives from fruiting, thus the female (pistillate) flower head (capitulum).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Direct and indirect targets of carboxyatractyloside, including overlooked toxicity toward nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) and mitochondrial H ⁺ leak

Woyda-Płoszczyca

2023

Pharmaceutical Biology

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Context The toxicity of atractyloside/carboxyatractyloside is generally well recognized and commonly ascribed to the inhibition of mitochondrial ADP/ATP carriers, which are pivotal for oxidative phosphorylation. However, these glycosides may 'paralyze' additional target proteins. Objective This review presents many facts about atractyloside/carboxyatractyloside and their plant producers, such as Xanthium spp. (Asteraceae), named cockleburs. Methods Published studies and other information were obtained from databases, such as 'CABI - Invasive Species Compendium', 'PubMed', and 'The World Checklist of Vascular Plants', from 1957 to December 2022. The following major keywords were used: 'carboxyatractyloside', 'cockleburs', 'hepatotoxicity', 'mitochondria', 'nephrotoxicity', and ' Xanthium '. Results In the third decade of the twenty first century, public awareness of the severe toxicity of cockleburs is still limited. Such toxicity is often only perceived by specialists in Europe and other continents. Interestingly, cocklebur is among the most widely distributed invasive plants worldwide, and the recognition of new European stands of Xanthium spp. is provided here. The findings arising from field and laboratory research conducted by the author revealed that (i) some livestock populations may instinctively avoid eating cocklebur while grazing, (ii) carboxyatractyloside inhibits ADP/GDP metabolism, and (iii) the direct/indirect target proteins of carboxyatractyloside are ambiguous. Conclusions Many aspects of the Xanthium genus still require substantial investigation/revision in the future, such as the unification of the Latin nomenclature of currently distinguished species, bur morphology status, true fruit (achene) description and biogeography of cockleburs, and a detailed description of the physiological roles of atractyloside/carboxyatractyloside and the toxicity of these glycosides, mainly toward mammals. Therefore, a more careful interpretation of atractyloside/carboxyatractyloside data, including laboratory tests using Xanthium -derived extracts and purified toxins, is needed.

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Which factor explains the life‐history of Xanthium strumarium L., an aggressive alien invasive plant species, along its altitudinal gradient?

Cited by 9 publications

References 98 publications

Invasive Species as Rivals: Invasive Potential and Distribution Pattern of Xanthium strumarium L.

Invasive Species as Rivals: Invasive Potential and Distribution Pattern of Xanthium strumarium L.

Environment-Driven Changes in the Functional Traits of Milk Thistle [Silybum marianum (L). Gaertn.] Along an Altitudinal Gradient in the Semi-Arid Environment: Perspective on Future Plant Invasion

Direct and indirect targets of carboxyatractyloside, including overlooked toxicity toward nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) and mitochondrial H ⁺ leak

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Which factor explains the life‐history of Xanthium strumarium L., an aggressive alien invasive plant species, along its altitudinal gradient?

Cited by 9 publications

References 98 publications

Invasive Species as Rivals: Invasive Potential and Distribution Pattern of Xanthium strumarium L.

Invasive Species as Rivals: Invasive Potential and Distribution Pattern of Xanthium strumarium L.

Environment-Driven Changes in the Functional Traits of Milk Thistle [Silybum marianum (L). Gaertn.] Along an Altitudinal Gradient in the Semi-Arid Environment: Perspective on Future Plant Invasion

Direct and indirect targets of carboxyatractyloside, including overlooked toxicity toward nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) and mitochondrial H + leak

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Direct and indirect targets of carboxyatractyloside, including overlooked toxicity toward nucleoside diphosphate kinase (NDPK) and mitochondrial H ⁺ leak