Which antibody and which cancer in which paraneoplastic syndromes?

Gozzard, Paul; Maddison, Paul

doi:10.1136/jnnp.2010.224105

Cited by 65 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Some patients with SCLC, various adenocarcinomas, transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder or lymphoma have been described (Gozzard & Maddison, 2010).…”

Section: Tumour Associationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Neoplasm Related Encephalopathies

Lapeire¹,

Sieben²,

Santens³

et al. 2012

Miscellanea on Encephalopathies - A Second Look

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“…Some patients with SCLC, various adenocarcinomas, transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder or lymphoma have been described (Gozzard & Maddison, 2010).…”

Section: Tumour Associationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tumour associations 80%-93% of patients with anti-Hu antibodies will have SCLC (Gozzard & Maddison, 2010); Nath & Grant, 1997). Extrathoracic tumours in association with anti-Hu antibodies include neuroblastoma (50%) and prostate cancer (Titulaer et al, 2011).…”

Section: Clinical Associationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neoplasm Related Encephalopathies

Lapeire¹,

Sieben²,

Santens³

et al. 2012

Miscellanea on Encephalopathies - A Second Look

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“…Clinically, the following PNS exist [3,4]: A. In the central nervous system: ▪ Encephalomyelitis (incl.…”

Section: E264mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Depending on tumor association, obligate and facultative paraneoplastic Abs are differentiated (Tab. 1).Clinically, the following PNS exist [3,4]: A. In the central nervous system: ▪ Encephalomyelitis (incl.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Immune-Mediated Paraneoplastic Neurological Disorders

Ayzenberg

Gold

Kleiter

2017

Neurology International Open

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AbsTR Ac TParaneoplastic neurological disorders are rare and clinically heterogeneous diseases. They can affect both the central and peripheral nervous system as well as the neuromuscular junction and muscle. Neurological deficits develop in 2/3 of cases prior to cancer diagnosis. The diagnostic approach includes screening for antineuronal antibodies and a search for the underlying tumor. A prompt tumor therapy in combination with immunotherapy is the cornerstone in the management of these diseases. Due to lack of clinical trials, treatment recommendations are based on case series and expert opinions. Highdose corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulins and apheresis therapies are often used in the acute stage of the disease. These therapies should be started as early as possible, e. g., during tumor screening, in order to prevent irreversible damage. Long-term treatment is mostly immunosuppressive and depends on the specific paraneoplastic syndrome. Outcomes vary depending upon the prognosis of the underlying cancer and the nature of the antineuronal antibodies. Disorders with antibodies directed against antigens on the neuronal cell surface are highly sensitive to B cell-directed therapies and mostly associated with a favorable outcome. A thorough review of published data on actual treatment recommendation is provided along with discussion of currently not validated, but potentially effective new therapies. E264Ayzenberg I et al. Management of Immune-mediated Paraneoplastic … Neurology International Open 2017; 1: E264-E274 course, treatment response and prognosis of PNS [2,3]. Depending on tumor association, obligate and facultative paraneoplastic Abs are differentiated (Tab. 1).Clinically, the following PNS exist [3,4]: A. In the central nervous system: ▪ Encephalomyelitis (incl. brainstem encephalitis) ▪ Limbic encephalitis ▪ Subacute cerebellar degeneration ▪ Opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome ▪ Optic neuritis/neuromyelitis optica ▪ Myelopathy/myelitis ▪ Stiff person syndrome ▶Table 1 Paraneoplastic antibodies: associated neurological syndromes and tumors. Target antigen clinical presentation# Association with tumorObligate paraneoplastic Abs (directed against intracellular antigens; tumor association > 95 %) In this review we discuss the diagnosis and management of PNS. With regard to facultative paraneoplastic syndromes which are more frequently of autoimmune origin, such as neuromyelitis optica or myasthenia gravis, the reader should refer to pertinent reviews [5,6]. Diagnostic and Pathogenetic Significance of Antibodies to Intracellular and Surface AntigensAntibodies (Abs) to intracellular antigens or so-called "classical" Abs are almost always tumor-associated (exception: GAD-Abs). They can be associated with various tumors and a variety of neurological conditions [7]. However, a direct pathogenetic significance of these Abs has not yet been demonstrated. Abs to intracellular antigens serve as useful diagnostic markers in the targeted tumor search in PNS. Here, cell-mediated immune responses play a major p...

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“…Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) and testicular germ-cell tumors are the most frequently observed neoplasms in patients with PLE (2,3). PNS is often associated with antibodies that bind to proteins that are shared between the nervous system and tumors (4). In particular, SCLC exhibits neuroendocrine characteristics and expresses a number of neuronal antigens (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis with late‑onset magnetic resonance imaging findings: A case report

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis (PLE), a paraneoplastic neurological syndrome (PNS), is a rare nervous system disorder that results from the indirect effects of tumors and is commonly associated with small-cell lung cancer (SCLC). Previous studies have reported that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be useful for diagnosing LE. Temporal lobe abnormalities are observed using T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequences; however, such abnormalities are detected in only 60% of patients with PLE. The present study describes a case of PLE associated with SCLC, in which LE was observed using MRI 26 days after the first convulsive seizure. Although the serum and cerebrospinal fluid analyses for onconeural antibodies were negative, the findings of this case indicate that PLE should be considered in the differential diagnosis, and that repeated brain MRI may be more helpful for diagnosis, as the brain MRI findings may be normal during the early stages of PLE.

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Which antibody and which cancer in which paraneoplastic syndromes?

Cited by 65 publications

References 30 publications

Neoplasm Related Encephalopathies

Neoplasm Related Encephalopathies

Management of Immune-Mediated Paraneoplastic Neurological Disorders

Paraneoplastic limbic encephalitis with late‑onset magnetic resonance imaging findings: A case report

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