Where the Chromosome Ends: Telomeres and Cytomegalovirus Risk in Lung Transplant Recipients

Greenland, John R.

doi:10.1164/rccm.201808-1472ed

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 16 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…Recent studies have shown that HCMV infection increases the expression of immune checkpoint genes encoding PD-L1, PD-L2, PD-1, CD80, CD86, Tim-3, LAG3, as well as other T-cell markers such as CD4 and CD8A in tumors along the gastrointestinal tract, including the esophagus, stomach, and intestine 83 . By examining lymphocytes isolated from subjects at the time of viremia, it was found that T cells from individuals with short telomeres proliferated less, produced fewer cytokines, and had less induction of the transcription factor T-box expressed in T cells(T-bet) when stimulated with viral peptides 84 . Helicase-like transcription factor (HLTF), a DNA helicase important for DNA repair, potently inhibits early viral gene expression but is rapidly degraded during infection.…”

Section: The Immune Escape Mechanism Of Hcmvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insight for Immunotherapy of HCMV Infection

et al. 2021

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Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), a ubiquitous in humans, has a high prevalence rate. Young people are susceptible to HCMV infection in developing countries, while older individuals are more susceptible in developed countries. Most patients have no obvious symptoms from the primary infection. Studies have indicated that the virus has gradually adapted to the host immune system. Therefore, the control of HCMV infection requires strong immune modulation. With the recent advances in immunotherapy, its application to HCMV infections is receiving increasing attention. Here, we discuss the immune response to HCMV infection, the immune escape mechanism, and the different roles that HCMV plays in various types of immunotherapy, including vaccines, adoptive cell therapy, checkpoint blockade therapy, and targeted antibodies.

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Section: The Immune Escape Mechanism Of Hcmvmentioning

confidence: 99%