Where self-control comes from: On the development of self-control and its relationship to deviance over time.

Abstract

The current study tested a set of interrelated theoretical propositions based on self-control theory (M. R. Gottfredson & T. Hirschi 1990). Data were collected on 1,155 children at 4.5 years, at 8.5 years (3rd grade), and at 10.5 years (5th grade) as part of the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development longitudinal study over a 6-year period. Findings based on simple structural equation models and latent growth modeling of developmental trajectories suggest that (a) there was great construct stability of self-control and deviance over the 6-year period, (b) there was positive growth in self-control trajectory over time, (c) parenting predicted this trajectory but also explained variability in self-control at initial status, (d) there was a declining deviance trajectory over time, (e) self-control at initial status reduced the unexplained deviance variance by 44.8%, and (f) both the intercept and slope factors shared about 75% of the variance based on growth-to-growth curve predictive models of self-control and deviance. Findings are discussed in terms of their implications for self-control theory and future empirical work.

Funcionamento familiar e delinquência juvenil: A mediação do autocontrolo

“…Além disso, é vasta a literatura sobre a evidência empírica sobre o impacto determinante do baixo autocontrolo no comportamento delinquente (e.g., Arneklev, Elis, & Medlicott, 2006;Longshore, Turner, & Stein, 1996;Pauwels, Weerman, Bruinsma, & Bernasco, 2011;Pratt & Cullen, 2000;Vazsonyi & Huang, 2010). Contudo, os autores desta teoria defendem que a falta de autocontrolo não implica necessariamente a prática de comportamentos delinquentes, mas sim, que os sujeitos com baixo autocontrolo têm maior propensão para a prática transgressiva.…”

“…Por forma a testar este modelo de mediação desenvolvemos um conjunto de análises estatísticas que nos permitiram concluir que, consistentemente com a multiplicidade de estudos prévios (e.g., Arneklev, Elis, & Medlicott, 2006;Longshore, Turner, & Stein, 1996;Pauwels et al, 2011;Pratt & Cullen, 2000;Vazsonyi & Huang, 2010), o autocontrolo se relaciona fortemente com o comportamento delinquente, adicionando-se ao vasto suporte empírico para esta hipótese central da Teoria Geral do Crime (Gottfredson & Hirschi, 1990).…”

Efeitos individuais e familiares em crimes: Abuso sexual, violência conjugal e homicídio

“…Como já foi referido, a Teoria Geral do Crime (Gottfredson & Hirschi, 1990) e uma vasta literatura empírica mostram o impacto do baixo autocontrolo na delinquência (e.g., Arneklev et al, 2006;Gomes & Gouveia-Pereira, 2014;Longshore et al, 1996;Pauwels et al, 2011;Pratt & Cullen, 2000;Vazsonyi & Huang, 2010).…”

Shaken But Unruffled: Stories of Psychologically Distressed Public Secondary School Teachers

“…It is also called discipline problem or misconduct, which refers to externalizing behaviors that violate rules and regulations, disturb the classroom order, and disrupt teaching and learning process (Vazsonyi et al, 2010). Based on this study, it was displayed through the different acts of students such as: being hooked in computer games, cellphones, and other gadgets; bullying; too much noisy inside the classroom; not cleaning the room; chatting while teacher is explaining; never listen or paying attention to teacher"s discussion; fighting back the teacher; and always late or absent from the class.…”