Where is the Optimal Pile Location on Earth Slopes?

Hajiazizi, Mohammad; Heydari, F.

doi:10.1007/s12205-019-1979-9

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The pile placement on the slope model achieved the maximum safety factor for slopes and was based on the results of previous studies. The earlier studies obtained the maximum safety factor for slopes with cohesionless soil by placing the pile in the middle of the slope [12]. The middle-lower area of the reinforced slope with the double-row piles was also suggested as the most effective pile placement position [13].…”

Section: Small-scaled Physical Modeling Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Slope Stability of Sand Slope With Two Rows Pile Reinforcing

Munawir¹

2023

GEOMATE

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Population growth in Indonesia affects the rate of urbanization as the increased construction development decreases the available land. The issue of limited land encourages people to make settlements or buildings near the slope edge. Various mitigation methods can be applied to prevent and avoid landslides and to overcome other problems that arise on the slopes, one of which is by strengthening the slopes. In this study, slope reinforcement was carried out by adding two rows of piles to increase slope safety. Firstly, we observed scaled slope models with or without pile reinforcing. Slope modeling was done with a test container of sand soil with a slope angle of 50° and using an aluminum pipe as a model for reinforcement piles. Pile diameter of the test model was varied on the second row (1.5 cm, 2.0 cm, 2.5 cm, and 3.2 cm). The bearing capacity of the scaled-model test results was used to estimate the increase in factor of safety (FoS) assisted by the finite element method (FEM) application in two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) FEM. According to the FEM test results, the FoS value of a reinforced slope with two rows of piles increased by 9.130% in 2D FEM and 34.296% in 3D FEM compared to an unreinforced slope modeling. The most significant FoS value was found in the second row of piles with the largest diameter of 3.2 cm. Additionally, the test results showed that the reinforced slope is susceptible to rotational slope failure.

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Section: Small-scaled Physical Modeling Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Slope Stability of Sand Slope With Two Rows Pile Reinforcing

Munawir¹

2023

GEOMATE

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“…The results showed that the pile reinforcement caused the greatest improvement in soil deformation for the embankment of 1.5V:1H gradient. This was because the pile was coincidently located close to the middle of the slope and this has been identified as the optimal location for slope stabilization [3][4]. The results can be explained by the fact that although the absolute pile location was not altered, the gradient of the slope embankment was changed, and hence the relative position of the pile, x p /L x varied.…”

Section: Effect Of Slope Gradient On Performance Of Pile Reinforced E...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hajiazizi and Heydari [3] compared the optimal pile location and lateral forces from various analysis methods. They reported that the optimal pile location obtained from the finite element method (FEM) was near to the middle of slope.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the foregoing, numerous researchers have reported on the optimal location of stabilising pile. The typical locations lie between x p /L x of 0.2 -0.75 [3,[7][8][9], where x p is the horizontal distance of stabilising pile from the toe of slope, and L x is the horizontal distance between the toe and crest of the slope. There are several factors that may affect the optimal location of pile.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parametric study of embankment stabilization by pile reinforcement

Khor

Lee

Wong

et al. 2023

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Stabilising piles have been proven as an effective slope stabilization approach. This study aims to investigate the optimal location of stabilising pile for an embankment slope with a surcharge loading at crest. A series of finite element analyses were performed to determine the optimal location of the pile with considerations of varying slope gradients. An additional analysis was performed to compare the factor of safety computed from the present 2D analysis with the previous 3D analysis. The results showed that the introduction of the stabilising pile could effectively minimise the deformed soil mass and slip surface, with the greatest improvement recorded for the embankment of 1.5V:1H gradient. The optimal pile location was found to be at the middle of the slope. The pile influence zone (Wpile ) obtained from the present numerical study showed reasonably good agreement with previous results of centrifuge experiments. Based on the comparison of factor of safety computed from the present 2D analysis with a previous 3D analysis, the 2D analysis generally yielded a more conservative FOS (about 20% lower) than the more rigorous 3D analysis because of the absence of soil arching effect. As conclusions, it is recommended to install piles at the middle of slope to yield the most favourable slope stabilization effect. A simple 2D analysis can be used to analyse the problem of pile stabilised embankment with a slightly more conservative FOS was expected than the rigorous 3D analysis.

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“…In the case of cohesive soils, slope stability can be increased by laying piles in the center of the slope until it reaches its optimum safety factor. In contrast, the one-third center of the slope was the best placement for piles with cohesive soils [10]. Furthermore, using the double-row piles analytical model, the middle-lower region of the reinforced slope was proposed as the critical area for locating the pile in the most advantageous location suggested [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double-Row Pile Reinforcing on a Critical Slope at National Road in Tabanan, Bali

Munawir

2024

GEOMATE

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Due to heavy rain, a landslide occurred on the high slope at the National Road in Tabanan, Bali, and is forecasted to reoccur. Thus, the double-row piles will be analyzed as an alternative method to improve allowable bearing capacity (qa) and slope stability to mitigate this area. This study used various 2D and 3D numerical modeling techniques to analyze the slope model under two variables: the installment of parallel and nonparallel (zigzag) pile configurations and variations in a second-row pile diameter. With the smallest diameter (D = 0.3 m), the first row of piles has a diameter of 0.6 m and a pile spacing of (s) = 4D. The reinforcing piles were installed into the actual slope model. In addition, the second-row pile diameter varies from 0.3 to 0.6 m. Considering the standardized traffic load, PLAXIS and ABAQUS were implemented to numerically analyze the factor of safety (FS) and qa of the 2D and 3D finite element method (FEM). Compared with the unreinforced reinforcement of two rows of piles arranged in parallel, the FS increased significantly by 33.06% in the 2D FEM and 32.82% in the 3D FEM. Yet, the model with a zigzag configuration enhanced the FS by 33.20% in the 3D FEM. However, the numerical models showed a slight improvement in the qa in both 2D and 3D FEM. The slope model defined the highest FS and qa with pile diameter, D2 = 0.6 m (P2D1). Additionally, a rotational type of failure occurred on the slope toe.

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Where is the Optimal Pile Location on Earth Slopes?

Cited by 8 publications

References 23 publications

The Slope Stability of Sand Slope With Two Rows Pile Reinforcing

The Slope Stability of Sand Slope With Two Rows Pile Reinforcing

Parametric study of embankment stabilization by pile reinforcement

Double-Row Pile Reinforcing on a Critical Slope at National Road in Tabanan, Bali

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