Where Is Garlic Mustard? Understanding the Ecological Context for Invasions of <i>Alliaria petiolata</i>

Rodgers, Vikki; Scanga, Sara E.; Kolozsvary, Mary Beth; Garneau, Danielle; Kilgore, Jason; Anderson, Laurel J.; Hopfensperger, Kristine N.; Aguilera, Anna; Urban, Rebecca A.; Juneau, Kevyn J.

doi:10.1093/biosci/biac012

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 194 publications

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“…Despite a long history of research on cumulative impacts within environmental contexts (39), the literature on the cumulative impacts of invasive species is relatively scarce. Most work in biological invasions focuses on a single species or single direct impact (41)(42)(43)(44)(45)(46). Even when multiple impacts are identified, their cumulative effect is rarely considered (31,40).…”

Section: Individual and Cumulative Impacts: Definitions Examples And ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cumulative impacts of invasive plant species in British Columbia’s riparian ecosystems: a systematic map protocol

Mologni¹,

Moffat²,

Pither³

2023

Preprint

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BackgroundGlobally, the structure and functioning of foreshore and riparian ecosystems are being dramatically impacted by non-native invasive plant species. Invasive species can outcompete and replace native species, modify geochemical and hydraulic cycles, alter trophic processes and change the composition and structure of communities above and below ground. However, these impacts are often investigated in isolation, even though one invasive species might increase or mitigate the impacts of others (i.e. cumulative impacts), potentially with cascading effects. Although cumulative impactshave long been studied within other environmental contexts, research on the cumulative impacts of invasive species is comparatively scarce. We aim to (1) develop a protocol for systematically assessing the cumulative impacts of invasive species and(2) conduct a test of this protocol using a suite of non-native plants that are invasive in foreshore and riparian ecosystems of British Columbia, Canada. The protocol itself aims to standardize future evaluations of the cumulative impacts of invasive species. Inaddition, our systematic map will identify the strengths and gaps in knowledge pertaining to invasive plant species impacts in foreshore and riparian ecosystems, with the ultimate goal of facilitating the development of evidence-based management strategies.MethodsWe identified the research topic and the primary and secondary questions with the support of stakeholders. We then devised a flexible string that allows for searching target invasive species. Using this string, we searched the literature for pilot speciesthat aided the iterative development of the protocol. Once all target species are identified, we will carry out a systematic literature search on their impacts. We will search Web of Science and the CABI compendium for invasive species. We will include studies if they (i) refer to the target invasive species, (ii) focus on itsenvironmental impacts and (iii) investigate such impacts in riparian ecosystems (iv) within North America (i.e. Canada & U.S.A.). We will use a two-stage screening process: titles and abstracts first, then the full manuscript. From each source, we willextract impact description, ecosystem component impacted, and magnitude and directionality of impacts. We will include a publicly available database of studies, descriptive statistics and a narrative summary within our synthesis outcomes.

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Section: Individual and Cumulative Impacts: Definitions Examples And ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This will help reduce the prevailing paradigm bias (i.e. a bias towards studies supporting the prevailing paradigm; in this case, invasive species' impacts are extensive and negative, 26,46,48). The time span includes all studies up to the day the search will be conducted, countering temporal bias (i.e.…”

Section: Screening and Inclusion Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Cumulative impacts of invasive plant species in British Columbia’s riparian ecosystems: a systematic map protocol

Mologni¹,

Moffat²,

Pither³

2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Despite a long history of research on cumulative impacts within environmental contexts [38], the literature on the cumulative impacts of invasive species is relatively scarce. Most work in biological invasions focuses on a single species or single direct impact [40][41][42][43][44][45]. Even when multiple impacts are identified, their cumulative effect is rarely considered [30,46].…”

Section: Individual and Cumulative Impacts: Definitions Examples And ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Collating existing evidence on cumulative impacts of invasive plant species in riparian ecosystems of British Columbia, Canada: a systematic map protocol

Mologni,

Moffat,

Pither

2023

Environ Evid

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Background Globally, the structure and functioning of foreshore and riparian ecosystems are being dramatically impacted by non-native invasive plant species. Invasive species can outcompete and replace native species, modify geochemical and hydraulic cycles, alter trophic processes, and change the composition and structure of communities above and below ground. However, these impacts are often investigated in isolation, even though one invasive species might increase or mitigate the impacts of others (i.e. cumulative impacts), potentially with cascading effects. Although cumulative impacts have long been studied within other environmental contexts, research on the cumulative impacts of invasive species is comparatively scarce. We aim to develop a protocol to systematically identify and collate evidence on the individual and cumulative impacts of a set of plant species invasive in foreshore and riparian ecosystems of British Columbia, Canada. Our primary question is: what evidence is available on the individual and cumulative impacts of invasive plants in the riparian and foreshore ecosystems of British Columbia, Canada? In addition, our systematic map will identify the strengths and gaps in knowledge pertaining to invasive plant species impacts in foreshore and riparian ecosystems, with the ultimate goal of facilitating the development of evidence-based management strategies. Methods We identified the research topic and the primary and secondary questions with the support of stakeholders. We then devised a flexible string that allows for searching target invasive species. Using this string, we searched the literature for pilot species that aided the iterative development of the protocol. Once all target species are identified, we will carry out a systematic literature search on their impacts. We will search Web of Science and the CABI compendium for invasive species. We will include studies if they (i) refer to the target invasive species, (ii) focus on its environmental impacts and (iii) investigate such impacts in riparian ecosystems (iv) within North America (i.e. Canada and U.S.A.). We will use a two-stage screening process: titles and abstracts first, then the full manuscript. From each source, we will extract impact description, ecosystem component impacted, and magnitude and directionality of impacts. We will include a publicly available database of studies, descriptive statistics, and a narrative summary within our synthesis outcomes.

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“…The biennial herb Alliaria petiolata (garlic mustard) is an emerging model system in ecological genetics (Alabi et al 2021) with relevance to broader questions about the role of ecological interactions in the rapid evolution and spread of invasive species (Rodgers et al 2022). A member of the mustard family (Brassicaceae), A. petiolata is native to Eurasia and invading forest understories of North America, where it can be an aggressive weed (Rodgers et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct and indirect fitness effects of plant metabolites and genetic constraints limit evolution of allelopathy in an invading plant

Honor,

Marcellus,

Colautti

2023

Preprint

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Upon introduction to new continents, invading species encounter novel communities of consumers, pathogens, and competitors. Both phenotypic plasticity and rapid evolution can facilitate adaptation across these heterogenous communities, facilitating further invasion. However, the rate and extent of adaptive evolution on contemporary timescales can be constrained by phenotypic plasticity and limits imposed by genetic co-variation for traits under selection. We measured phenotypic plasticity and quantified genetic co-variation for growth, competition, and fitness among 23 naturally inbred seed families of Alliaria petiolata (garlic mustard) collected across its invasive range in eastern North America. After growing a self-pollinated generation in a uniform common garden to reduce maternal effects, we reared second-generation plants in a two-year greenhouse and field experiment with naive soil from an uninvaded habitat. We measured selection gradients and lifetime fitness when reared alone, with an intraspecific competitor, and under interspecific competition with naive Acer saccharum (sugar maple) saplings. Total glucosinolate production was strongly correlated with the production of chlorophyll a (Chl a) (R2 = 0.45) such that first principal component (PC1) accounted for 84% of variation in these two traits. Furthermore, PC1 exhibited high plasticity across growing environments (p < 0.001) with limited broad-sense heritability (H2 = 2.91; p = 0.08). In contrast, investment in glucosinolate production relative to Chl a (PC2) was significantly heritable (H2 =16.91, p < 0.001) with minimal plasticity across treatments. Causal analysis revealed that plastic variation for higher Chl a + glucosinolate production (PC1) had an indirect positive effect on A. petiolata fitness via a direct, negative effect on A. saccharum performance. In contrast, heritable variation for higher glucosinolate investment (PC2) had a direct, positive effect on A. saccharum performance and an indirect negative effect on A. petiolata fitness. Applying causal inference, we find that evolution of allelopathy in A. petiolata has been constrained by (i) a lack of genetic variation, (ii) selection against glucosinolate investment under interspecific competition, and (iii) phenotypic plasticity. These factors limit adaptive evolution but maintain fitness during population growth as plants switch from interspecific to intraspecific competition during invasion.

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Where Is Garlic Mustard? Understanding the Ecological Context for Invasions of Alliaria petiolata

Cited by 6 publications

References 194 publications

Cumulative impacts of invasive plant species in British Columbia’s riparian ecosystems: a systematic map protocol

Cumulative impacts of invasive plant species in British Columbia’s riparian ecosystems: a systematic map protocol

Collating existing evidence on cumulative impacts of invasive plant species in riparian ecosystems of British Columbia, Canada: a systematic map protocol

Direct and indirect fitness effects of plant metabolites and genetic constraints limit evolution of allelopathy in an invading plant

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