Where do Muslims stand on ethno-racial hierarchies in Britain and France? Evidence from public opinion surveys, 1988–2008

Cognitive ability, right-wing authoritarianism, and social dominance orientation: A five-year longitudinal study amongst adolescents

“…Some of this tidal wave of human movement is a direct consequence of prejudice. Even in major western democracies, for example, large pockets of minority groups evoke unease and prejudice amongst the majority population with negative attitudes towards Muslims on the rise in countries such as Britain and France (Bleich, 2009). Conversely, anti-Semitism continues to exist in overt (see Anti-Defamation League, 2010) and covert forms (Cohen, Jussim, Harber, & Bhasin, 2009).…”

Effects of ingroup norms on domain-specific acculturation preferences: Experimental evidence from two cultural contexts

“…In England, the overall preference was the same for the private domain, but opposite for the public domain: CApub was preferred over CMpub. Taken together, these effects seem to reflect the cultural context of each country: in Chile, there is now a strong formal acknowledgement of the Mapuche identity and the significant role they played in Chile's history (Pehrson et al, 2011), whereas in Britain prejudice and negative attitudes towards Muslims are growing (Bleich, 2009). Moreover, this suggests that although English majority members like their ingroup members the most when these are in support of public integration, this does not mean that they like Muslims to display both the Muslim and the English culture equally.…”

“…In contrast, the British Muslim population are mostly people who immigrated to England from the 1950s onwards, or their descendants. While the number of Muslims in Britain is still increasing (Office for National Statistics, 2013), negative attitudes towards Muslims in Britain are also rising (Bleich, 2009). Lastly, Britain is more individualistic than Chile (89/100 and 23/100 in world rankings for individualism respectively; Hofstede, 2001).…”

Non-Violent Actions Versus Violent Actions: A Logical Response to Islamophobia Through an Evaluation of Muslims Mobilization in France and Denmark

“…A study comparing public opinion polls between 1998 and 2008 revealed that, in France, antiMuslim prejudice has increased within this period (Bleich, 2009). In both Denmark and France, the public discourses and policies after 2001 have negatively affected the Muslims in terms of the increase in the feelings of less belonging to mainstream society thus yielding to alienation.…”