2014
DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2013.12.096
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Where and when should natural killer cells be tested in women with repeated implantation failure?

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Cited by 7 publications
(16 citation statements)
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“…12,13 The anomalous Uterine NK cells measured via endometrial biopsy is also proved in women suffering from idiopathic RIF, though cut off values still require standardization. 14 However, there is still no definite evidence to suggest that these directly cause the implantation failure. Therefore, the current treatment of RIF targeted at immune is largely empirical and based on poor scientific evidence.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…12,13 The anomalous Uterine NK cells measured via endometrial biopsy is also proved in women suffering from idiopathic RIF, though cut off values still require standardization. 14 However, there is still no definite evidence to suggest that these directly cause the implantation failure. Therefore, the current treatment of RIF targeted at immune is largely empirical and based on poor scientific evidence.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The abnormal immunological profile, such as peri‐implantation peripheral natural killer (NK) cell level, activity and Th1/Th2/Treg ratio, has been found in women with already established RIF 12,13 . The anomalous Uterine NK cells measured via endometrial biopsy is also proved in women suffering from idiopathic RIF, though cut off values still require standardization 14 . However, there is still no definite evidence to suggest that these directly cause the implantation failure.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Numerous studies have demonstrated an association between significant increase on uNK and RIF . Although the percentage of uNK is a relatively crude assessment and do not reflect their function, the observed differences in numbers still may be an indication of an underlying pathologic condition affecting their function and therefore requires an intervention to rectify these changes.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The cutoff value is quite controversial, as values can be varying due to different methods used for assessment, the variation of reagents purchased from different companies, and the methods used for quantification. For example, some reports suggest normal values from 5% to 13.9% of the total stromal cells; or from 100 cells to 250 cells at 400× magnification per field. Furthermore, in the majority of the studies, the various normal range of uNK was determined based on healthy volunteers with a very small number of samples.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These measurements became possible by imaging uterine NK cells with immunohistochemical staining. Although thresholds still require standardization, NK cell analysis may ultimately prove useful for women suffering from idiopathic repeated implant failure [26]. On the other hand, a meta-analysis by Seshadri et al (2014), aimed at determining the role of NK cells in both peripheral blood and the uterus in infertility, revealed some conflicting data on their role.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%