When to Use Broader Internalising and Externalising Subscales Instead of the Hypothesised Five Subscales on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ): Data from British Parents, Teachers and Children

Goodman, Anna; Lamping, Donna L.; Ploubidis, George B.

doi:10.1007/s10802-010-9434-x

Cited by 1,192 publications

(1,224 citation statements)

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“…The convergent validity coefficients were higher than those previously reported in a non‐ASD sample [Goodman et al, 2010]. We generally found good discriminant validity between the subscales, providing some evidence that the subscales identify distinct areas of psychopathology in adolescents and adults with ASD.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Screening for co‐occurring conditions in adults with autism spectrum disorder using the strengths and difficulties questionnaire: A pilot study

et al. 2016

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Adolescents and adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at elevated risk of co‐occurring mental health problems. These are often undiagnosed, can cause significant impairment, and place a very high burden on family and carers. Detecting co‐occurring disorders is extremely important. However, there is no validated screening tool for this purpose. The aim of this pilot study is to test the utility of the strengths and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) to screen for co‐occurring emotional disorders and hyperactivity in adolescents and adults with ASD. The SDQ was completed by 126 parents and 98 individuals with ASD (in 79 cases both parent and self‐report were available from the same families). Inter‐rater reliability, test‐retest stability, internal consistency, and construct validity were examined. SDQ subscales were also compared to clinically utilized measures of emotional disorders and hyperactivity to establish the ability to predict risk of disorder. Inter‐rater reliability (r = 0.42), test‐retest stability (r = 0.64), internal consistency (α = 0.52–0.81) and construct validity (r = 0.42–0.57) for the SDQ subscales were comparable to general population samples. Parent‐ and self‐report SDQ subscales were significantly associated with measures of anxiety, depression and hyperactivity (62–74% correctly classified). Parent‐report performed significantly better than self‐report; adults with ASD under‐reported difficulties. The SDQ shows promise as a simple and efficient way to screen for emotional disorders and hyperactivity in adolescents and adults with ASD that could help reduce the impact of these disorders on individuals and their families. However, further more systematic attempts at validation are warranted. Autism Res 2016, 9: 1353–1363. © 2016 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Screening for co‐occurring conditions in adults with autism spectrum disorder using the strengths and difficulties questionnaire: A pilot study

et al. 2016

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Section: Internalizing and Externalizing Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 The SDQ is among the most widely validated behavioral screening questionnaires used by researchers, educators, and clinicians to assess the functioning of children and adolescents ranging in age from 3 to 16 years. 6 Participants used a 3-point response scale: 1 = "not true," 2 = "somewhat true," 3 = "very true" to rate a list of personal statements. Divided across 5-item subscales, responses were summed to create individual emotional symptoms (mean, 3.28; SD, 1.97), conduct problems (mean, 2.75; SD = 1.67), hyperactivity and inattention (mean, 4.30; SD, 2.14), and peer relationship problems (mean, 2.37; SD, 1.50).…”

Section: Internalizing and Externalizing Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…I care about their feelings." Following best practice recommendations, 6 prosocial behavior scores were computed by summing responses across all 5 items (mean, 7.63; SD, 1.87; a, 0.67).…”

Section: Prosocial Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mature contents of some games are inappropriate for young players and may teach children that using virtual violence is an acceptable way to achieve goals, thereby eliciting externalizing problems, or acting out behaviors such as aggression and delinquency. 6 Previous research provides some basis for these concerns, suggesting that gaming may be linked to negative psychosocial indicators such as increased levels of hyperactivity, 7 hostile attribution and cognition, 8 as well as some laboratory-based measures of aggressive behavior 9 and desensitization to risky behavior. 10 This work suggests that, like other forms of media entertainment, electronic play may have distinct downsides.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Electronic Gaming and Psychosocial Adjustment

2014

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The rise of electronic games has driven both concerns and hopes regarding their potential to influence young people. Existing research identifies a series of isolated positive and negative effects, yet no research to date has examined the balance of these potential effects in a representative sample of children and adolescents. The objective of this study was to explore how time spent playing electronic games accounts for significant variation in positive and negative psychosocial adjustment using a representative cohort of children aged 10 to 15 years. METHODS: A large sample of children and adolescents aged 10 to 15 years completed assessments of psychosocial adjustment and reported typical daily hours spent playing electronic games. Relations between different levels of engagement and indicators of positive and negative psychosocial adjustment were examined, controlling for participant age and gender and weighted for population representativeness. RESULTS: Low levels (<1 hour daily) as well as high levels (>3 hours daily) of game engagement was linked to key indicators of psychosocial adjustment. Low engagement was associated with higher life satisfaction and prosocial behavior and lower externalizing and internalizing problems, whereas the opposite was found for high levels of play. No effects were observed for moderate play levels when compared with non-players. CONCLUSIONS: The links between different levels of electronic game engagement and psychosocial adjustment were small (<1.6% of variance) yet statistically significant. Games consistently but not robustly associated with children’s adjustment in both positive and negative ways, findings that inform policy-making as well as future avenues for research in the area.

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Association of Children’s Physical Activity and Screen Time With Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic

et al. 2021

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IMPORTANCE Children's physical activity and screen time are likely suboptimal during the COVID-19 pandemic, which may influence their current and future mental health. OBJECTIVE To describe the association of physical activity and screen time with mental health among US children during the pandemic. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This cross-sectional survey was conducted from October 22 to November 2, 2020, among 547 parents of children aged 6 to 10 years and 535 parent-child dyads with children and adolescents (hereinafter referred to as children) aged 11 to 17 years and matched down to 500 children per cohort using US Census-based sampling frames. Children aged 11 to 17 years self-reported physical activity, screen time, and mental health, and their parents reported other measures. Parents of children aged 6 to 10 years reported all measures. All 1000 cases were further weighted to a sampling frame corresponding to US parents with children aged 6 to 17 years using propensity scores. EXPOSURES Child physical activity, screen time, COVID-19 stressors, and demographics. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Mental health using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire for total difficulties and externalizing and internalizing symptoms. RESULTS Among the 1000 children included in the analysis (mean [SD] age, 10.8 [3.5] years; 517 [52.6%] boys; 293 [31.6%] American Indian/Alaska Native, Asian, or Black individuals or individuals of other race; and 233 [27.8%] Hispanic/Latino individuals), 195 (20.9%) reported at least 60 minutes of physical activity every day. Children reported a mean (SD) of 3.9 (2.2) d/wk with at least 60 minutes of physical activity and 4.4 (2.5) h/d of recreational screen time. COVID-19 stressors weresignificantly associated with higher total difficulties for both younger (β coefficient, 0.6; 95% CI, 0.3-0.9) and older (β coefficient, 0.4; 95% CI, 0.0-0.7) groups. After accounting for COVID-19 stressors, engaging in 7 d/wk (vs 0) of physical activity was associated with fewer externalizing symptoms in younger children (β coefficient, −2.0; 95% CI, −3.4 to −0.6). For older children, engaging in 1 to 6 and 7 d/wk (vs 0) of physical activity was associated with lower total difficulties (β coefficients, −3.5 [95% CI, −5.3 to −1.8] and −3.6 [95% CI, −5.8 to −1.4], respectively), fewer externalizing symptoms (β coefficients, −1.5 [95% CI, −2.5 to −0.4] and −1.3 [95% CI, −2.6 to 0], respectively), and fewer internalizing symptoms (β coefficients, −2.1 [95% CI, −3.0 to −1.1] and −2.3 [95% CI, −3.5 to −1.1], respectively). More screen time was correlated with higher total difficulties among younger (β coefficient, 0.3; 95% CI, 0.1-0.5) and older (β coefficient, 0.4; 95% CI, 0.2-0.6) children. There were no significant differences by sex. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEIn this cross-sectional survey study, more physical activity and less screen time were associated with better mental health for children, accounting for pandemic (continued) Key Points Question What is the association of children's physical activity a...

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When to Use Broader Internalising and Externalising Subscales Instead of the Hypothesised Five Subscales on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ): Data from British Parents, Teachers and Children

Cited by 1,192 publications

References 33 publications

Screening for co‐occurring conditions in adults with autism spectrum disorder using the strengths and difficulties questionnaire: A pilot study

Screening for co‐occurring conditions in adults with autism spectrum disorder using the strengths and difficulties questionnaire: A pilot study

Electronic Gaming and Psychosocial Adjustment

Association of Children’s Physical Activity and Screen Time With Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic

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