When time slows down: The influence of threat on time perception in anxiety

Bar‐Haim, Yair; Kerem, Aya; Lamy, Dominique; Zakay, Dan

doi:10.1080/02699930903387603

Cited by 168 publications

(189 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…These results are though not consistent with past research. [3,7,23]. For prospective time estimation, these findings can be understood in the framework of the attentional gate model (AGM) [17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…First, many studies in this area (mental distress and time estimation and specifically anxiety and time estimation) have used between-group designs, either based on existing groups or on cut-off scores. A between-group design thus facilitates comparisons with these studies [3,7,21,[26][27][28]. Second, the groups were divided on the basis of clinical levels versus non-clinical levels of anxiety, which further motivates the use of a between-group analysis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prospective estimates of duration may vary considerably dependent on the cognitive and emotional state of the individual [3,5]. For example, in situations such as when we are bored or anticipating an unpleasant event to happen, time subjectively slows down and we tend to overestimate time.…”

Section: Anxiety and Time Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous research in the area is rather sparse, and has mainly focused on various time estimation paradigms [3,7,8]. Extending this research, our study assessed multiple aspects of psychological time in relation to anxiety; from the basic ability to estimate chronometric time intervals (time estimation) to time perspective, a construct that refers to an individual's habitual approach the past, the present and the future as a personality trait [1,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While objective time progresses linearly in constant units, subjective processing of time may be affected by mental distress or the emotional state of the individual [3][4][5][6]. Studying different aspects of temporal processing can thus contribute to a better understanding of the psychological experience of emotions and emotional disorders and underlying mechanisms of temporal processing in normal and clinical populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Insights into features of anxiety through multiple aspects of psychological time

Åström¹,

Wiberg²,

Sircova³

et al. 2014

J Integr Psychol Ther

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Background: It is well-recognized that emotions and emotional disorders may alter the experience of time. Yet relatively little is known about different aspects of psychological time in relation to anxiety. The purpose of the present study was to explore several aspects of temporal processing, including time perspective, prospective and retrospective time estimation, in persons with anxiety symptoms. Methods: A total of 110 individuals with varying degrees of anxiety participated in two studies. They were assigned to two groups (anxiety-control) based on their scores on anxiety measurements. Participants also completed an inventory of time perspective and several time estimation tasks which were analyzed on a group-level. Depressive symptoms were assessed and used as a covariate in the second study. Results: Anxiety was significantly associated with Past Negative and Future Negative time perspectives as measured by the Swedish Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory (S-ZTPI), even when controlling for the effect of depressive symptoms. No other significant differences were found. Conclusion: Exploring time perspective in persons with anxious symptoms may provide important insights into features of anxiety. These findings may offer new ways of conceptualizing anxiety and provide suggestions for treatment strategies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Anxiety and Time Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Insights into features of anxiety through multiple aspects of psychological time

Åström¹,

Wiberg²,

Sircova³

et al. 2014

J Integr Psychol Ther

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Using a Virtual Reality and Communication Intervention to Reduce Pain and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Lipoma Excision With Local Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Yeşilot¹,

Çiftçi²,

Yener³

2022

AORN Journal

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In this randomized controlled trial, we assessed the effects of using a virtual reality (VR) and communication intervention on pain and anxiety in patients undergoing lipoma excision under local anesthesia. We conducted the study at a large hospital in Turkey between March 15 and September 15, 2019, with 100 participants. We used a pretest and posttest design to collect data with a personal information form, the Numeric Pain Rating Scale, and the State‐Trait Anxiety Inventory. The intervention group participants watched a video using a VR headset during the procedure and communicated with an investigator; the control group participants only received routine surgical treatment. The intervention had a significant effect on pain during the procedure (P < .001) and a moderate effect on anxiety 60 minutes after the procedure (P = .01). Use of VR and active communication may help reduce pain and anxiety for patients undergoing procedures performed with local anesthesia.

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How Maximizers Estimate Their Decision Time: The Mediating Effect of Memory Reduction

Huang,

2024

Behavioral Decision Making

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Previous studies have divided people into maximizers and satisficers based on their tendency to seek the best in decision‐making. In the present research, we aim to unravel the time estimation process of maximizers in decision‐making through four studies. The results indicate that maximizers tend to underestimate the time spent in decision‐making, which is due to the difference in their memory reduction for decision‐related information compared to that of satisficers. Specifically, maximizers' memories of special information (rather than common information) become worse than those of satisficers, which leads to their underestimation of decision time. These findings provide a deeper understanding of how maximizers estimate their decision time, which offers important insights into how maximizers make their decisions. Overall, this research contributes to the literature by shedding new light on maximization from the perspective of memory.

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When time slows down: The influence of threat on time perception in anxiety

Cited by 168 publications

References 24 publications

Insights into features of anxiety through multiple aspects of psychological time

Insights into features of anxiety through multiple aspects of psychological time

Using a Virtual Reality and Communication Intervention to Reduce Pain and Anxiety in Patients Undergoing Lipoma Excision With Local Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial

How Maximizers Estimate Their Decision Time: The Mediating Effect of Memory Reduction

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