International Money in MotionNowadays America's political divisions have become notorious. Many subjects of contention about the strengths or weaknesses of its society are hotly debated. Yet you rarely, if ever, hear anyone talk about a crucial pillar of America's global standing, the dominant role of the US dollar (USD) as world money in international cross-border transactions. After all, the USD has had that role for the last three quarters of a century, since January 1945 when the world adopted the so-called Bretton Woods agreement for a new postwar international economic order. This absence of any reference to the USD's world-money role in public discourse is all the more surprising, given how crucially important the dollar's international presence has been to how the US economy has operated during our lifetime. The very foundations of its organization have been shaped by having the USD function simultaneously as US currency and as primary international medium of exchange between countries in their cross-border transactions. For example, the US economy can run either budget deficits or trade deficits like no other country, because it can finance those by borrowing from abroad in its own currency which amounts to an openended, automatic financing capacity at extremely favorable terms. This is just one of several crucial advantages bestowed upon the United States by its currency's global standing, and we shall explore several others in the course of the book.