When the News Takes Sides: Automated Framing Analysis of News Coverage of the Rohingya Crisis by the Elite Press from Three Countries

Vu, Hong Tien; Lynn, Nyan

doi:10.1080/1461670x.2020.1745665

Cited by 27 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Two news sources, The New York Times and The Guardian , are on the list of newspapers in the USA and the UK as top newspapers by circulation. The New York Times was selected because it ranks third in the USA with the highest circulation (Agility 2021 ), covers international issues extensively (Vu and Lynn 2020 ), and is renowned for its reputable investigative journalism. We did not select the newspaper with the first- ( New York Post ) and second-highest circulation ( The Wall Street Journal ), because the New York Post is a classic tabloid format with a focus on entertainment, and The Wall Street Journal is primarily toward business news rather than general news (Kupchik and Bracy 2008 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite travel restrictions on humanitarian agencies by the Myanmar government, the Rohingya refugee crisis gained significant global attention through graphic images, videos, and stories from the Rakhine State (Neuman 2018 ; Islam 2018 ). Furthermore, investigative reports published by reputable news outlets galvanized international attention to what the United Nations (U.N.) has called “a textbook example of ethnic cleansing” (OHCHR 2017 ; Mahmood et al 2017 ; Vu and Lynn 2020 ). For humanitarians, however, the question of whether international media coverage helps with foreign policy and initiates humanitarian interventions to stop the refugee influx remains unclear and complicated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Media influence on humanitarian interventions: analysis of the Rohingya refugee crisis and international media coverage

Lee

2021

Int J Humanitarian Action

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In 2017, the long-festering discriminatory treatment to the Rohingyas in Myanmar, both in law and practice, resulted in the largest cross-border humanitarian crisis in Asia. During the 2016‑2017 Rohingya refugee crisis, the aerial shots of burnt villages and images of people trudging toward the horizon in search of refuge in neighboring nations dominated the Western media. However, for humanitarians, the question of whether the media helps with humanitarian crises remains complicated and unclear. This study examines the effects of media coverage on the Rohingya refugee crisis based on articles from two liberal, elite newspaper sources, The New York Times and The Guardian between 2010 and 2020. The study reveals that the attempts of international pressure to stop the crisis have increased through media coverage and political pressures; however, the number of Rohingya refugees fleeing Myanmar intensified due to worsening violence and human rights violations committed by the Myanmar army. Findings are discussed using the lens of cultural and ideological context. The study suggests that in Myanmar, where authoritarian military culture is pervasive, there is a limited influence of the international press on the state-sponsored ethnic cleansing of the Rohingya population and questions whether consistent international pressure could have changed the outcome.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Media influence on humanitarian interventions: analysis of the Rohingya refugee crisis and international media coverage

Lee

2021

Int J Humanitarian Action

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“…While most approaches only rely on automated data collection and analyses, some also combine automated and manual coding. For example, a recent study by Vu and Lynn (2020) proposes to combine semantic networks and manual coding to identify frames.…”

Section: References/combination With Other Met-hods Of Data Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their datasets consist of political newspaper articles and wire service coverage (N = 8,337), newspaper articles on foreign nations (2010-2015, N = 18,216) and health-related newspaper coverage (2009-2016, N = 5,005). Lastly, Vu and Lynn (2020) analyze newspaper coverage of the Rohingya crisis (2017-2018, N = 747) concer-ning frames.…”

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confidence: 99%

Frames (Automated Content Analysis)

Hase¹

2021

DOCA

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Frames describe the way issues are presented, i.e., what aspects are made salient when communicating about these issues. Field of application/theoretical foundation: The concept of frames is directly based on the theory of “Framing”. However, many studies using automated content analysis are lacking a clear theoretical definition of what constitutes a frame. As an exception, Walter and Ophir (2019) use automated content analysis to explore issue and strategy frames as defined by Cappella and Jamieson (1997). Vu and Lynn (2020) refer to Entman’s (1991) understanding of frames. The datasets referred to in the table are described in the following paragraph: Van der Meer et al. (2010) use a dataset consisting of Dutch newspaper articles (1991-2015, N = 9,443) and LDA topic modeling in combination with k-means clustering to identify frames. Walter and Ophir (2019) use three different datasets and a combination of topic modeling, network analysis and community detection algorithms to analyze frames. Their datasets consist of political newspaper articles and wire service coverage (N = 8,337), newspaper articles on foreign nations (2010-2015, N = 18,216) and health-related newspaper coverage (2009-2016, N = 5,005). Lastly, Vu and Lynn (2020) analyze newspaper coverage of the Rohingya crisis (2017-2018, N = 747) concerning frames. References/combination with other methods of data collection: While most approaches only rely on automated data collection and analyses, some also combine automated and manual coding. For example, a recent study by Vu and Lynn (2020) proposes to combine semantic networks and manual coding to identify frames. Table 1. Measurement of “Frames” using automated content analysis. Author(s) Sample Procedure Formal validity check with manual coding as benchmark* Code Vu & Lynn (2020) Newspaper articles Semantic networks; manual coding Reported Not available van der Meer et al. (2019) Newspaper articles LDA topic modeling; k-means clustering Not reported Not available Walter & Ophir (2019) (a) U.S. newspapers and wire service articles (b) Newspaper articles (c) Newspaper articles LDA topic modeling, network analysis; community detection algorithms Not reported https://github.com/DrorWalt/ANTMN *Please note that many of the sources listed here are tutorials on how to conducted automated analyses – and therefore not focused on the validation of results. Readers should simply read this column as an indication in terms of which sources they can refer to if they are interested in the validation of results. References Cappella, J. N., & Jamieson, K. H. (1997). Spiral of cynicism: The press and the public good. New York: Oxford University Press. Entman, R. M. 1991. Framing U.S. coverage of international news: contrasts in narratives of the KAL and Iran Air incidents. Journal of Communication, 41(4), 6-7. van der Meer, T. G. L. A., Kroon, A. C., Verhoeven, P., & Jonkman, J. (2019). Mediatization and the disproportionate attention to negative news: The case of airplane crashes. Journalism Studies, 20(6), 783–803. Walter, D., & Ophir, Y. (2019). News frame analysis: an inductive mixed-method computational approach. Communication Methods and Measures, 13(4), 248–266. Vu, H. T., & Lynn, N. (2020). When the news takes sides: Automated framing analysis of news coverage of the rohingya crisis by the elite press from three countries. Journalism Studies. Online first publication. doi:10.1080/1461670X.2020.1745665

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“…This study aims to understand the public's discussions about sexual reproductive health of PWDs in online publicly available comments in two English-language newspapers, The New York Times and The Guardian. Both newspapers cover national and international issues extensively, have credibility locally and globally, and have influence on global policies (Carvalho, 2007;Leung and Huang, 2007;Mendes, 2011;Vu and Lynn, 2020). Previous research has looked only into news comments in The Guardian (Hall, 2018), but our study added The New York Times to investigate whether there are any differences and similarities in online news comments in both newspapers related to sexual reproductive health of PWDs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“The Disabled Community Is Still Waiting for Equality”: What do Users Have to say About Sexual Reproductive Health of Persons With Disabilities in Online News Comments

et al. 2021

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Drawing from the literature of the internet as a public sphere, the present study investigates online news comments related to sexual reproductive health of people with disabilities (PWDs) published in The New York Times and The Guardian. We analyzed 3,633 online comments published between January 1, 2016, and December 31, 2019, using thematic analysis. The findings revealed eight major themes: economic consequences; gender; stereotypes; awareness and education; independence and autonomy; medical standpoint; media portrayal; and social justice and accommodation. Further, our study found that 47% of online commenters from The NYT and 49.3% from The Guardian had a positive perception that PWDs should have equal access to sexual reproductive health, compared with non-disabled people. Our study also revealed that comments in The NYT were more focused on the legal issues in the United States, while comments in The Guardian emphasized positive media representation and human aspects of the issue.

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When the News Takes Sides: Automated Framing Analysis of News Coverage of the Rohingya Crisis by the Elite Press from Three Countries

Cited by 27 publications

References 29 publications

Media influence on humanitarian interventions: analysis of the Rohingya refugee crisis and international media coverage

Media influence on humanitarian interventions: analysis of the Rohingya refugee crisis and international media coverage

Frames (Automated Content Analysis)

“The Disabled Community Is Still Waiting for Equality”: What do Users Have to say About Sexual Reproductive Health of Persons With Disabilities in Online News Comments

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