When Subcategorization Facilitates Group Cohesion

Abstract

This paper analyzes the conditions under which groups composed of two opposing factions are able to preserve group cohesion and subgroup opinion divisions simultaneously. Results from two experimental studies conducted with small interactive groups showed that groups with opposing factions were able to preserve subgroup divergence without jeopardizing superordinate group cohesion. A process termed relational regulation of ingroup opinion divisions explains these findings: The more group members perceived the group as promoting good relations, the more they maintained or even radicalized their initial opinions. In contrast, in an experimental context in which opinion divergences were not reinforced by subcategorization, we observed convergence toward a unique group position destined to maintain group cohesion that was independent of the perceived relational norm.