“…Demand-side educational interventions seek to increase the perceived returns to learning. In school settings, studies have examined impacts of providing information on the wage returns to schooling (Jensen, 2010), merit scholarships based on test performance (Kremer et al, 2009;Berry et al, 2019), or incentives for test performance (Angrist and Lavy, 2009;Levitt et al, 2011;Fryer, 2011;Behrman et al, 2015;Burgess et al, 2016;Fryer, 2016;Hirshleifer, 2017). Outside of school settings, studies have evaluated incentive-based strategies such as cash payments, deposit contracts, lotteries and non-cash rewards to promote healthy behaviors (Finkelstein et al, 2019), but do not target learning outcomes.…”