When small losses do not loom larger than small gains: Effects of contextual autonomy support and goal contents on behavioural responses to small losses and small gains

Chatzisarantis, Nikos L. D.; Kee, Ying Hwa; Thaung, Hannah Kyaw; Hagger, Martin S.

doi:10.1111/j.2044-8309.2011.02033.x

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Thus, autonomy is likely to increase positive affective and behavioral responses to gain-framed messages and lead to greater motivation to adhere to the recommended health behavior. This proposition is supported by research which showed a reduction in the classic loss aversion effect under conditions of high autonomy [30]. In this experiment, contextual autonomy support (vs. no autonomy support) led to greater persistence on a word task when the gains (vs. losses) of the participant’s previous performance were communicated.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…In addition, following previous research showing that individual differences in autonomy moderate message framing effects for the low-risk preventative health behavior of fruit and vegetable consumption [29], and research suggesting that autonomy supportive context increase response to gain-framed communications [30], we predict that the gain-framed information may be particularly effective under conditions of high autonomy (vs. neutral conditions or those which highlight heteronomy).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

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Promoting the Avoidance of High-Calorie Snacks: Priming Autonomy Moderates Message Framing Effects

Pavey

Churchill

2014

PLoS ONE

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The beneficial effects of gain-framed vs. loss-framed messages promoting health protective behaviors have been found to be inconsistent, and consideration of potential moderating variables is essential if framed health promotion messages are to be effective. This research aimed to determine the influence of highlighting autonomy (choice and freedom) and heteronomy (coercion) on the avoidance of high-calorie snacks following reading gain-framed or loss-framed health messages. In Study 1 (N = 152) participants completed an autonomy, neutral, or heteronomy priming task, and read a gain-framed or loss-framed health message. In Study 2 (N = 242) participants read a gain-framed or loss-framed health message with embedded autonomy or heteronomy primes. In both studies, snacking intentions and behavior were recorded after seven days. In both studies, when autonomy was highlighted, the gain-framed message (compared to the loss-framed message) resulted in stronger intentions to avoid high-calorie snacks, and lower self-reported snack consumption after seven days. Study 2 demonstrated this effect occurred only for participants to whom the information was most relevant (BMI>25). The results suggest that messages promoting healthy dietary behavior may be more persuasive if the autonomy-supportive vs. coercive nature of the health information is matched to the message frame. Further research is needed to examine potential mediating processes.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Promoting the Avoidance of High-Calorie Snacks: Priming Autonomy Moderates Message Framing Effects

Pavey

Churchill

2014

PLoS ONE

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“…Some of the theories that attempt to explain from a psychological point of view the performance of physical activity, include the intention, the motivation to undertake the behavior, as well as the previous attitude of the subjects [31,32]. Moreover, the results found in studies that have related physical activity with other health behaviors, both with American and European samples, indicate that people who engage in some type of physical activity or sports practice, in addition to obtaining physical and psychological benefits, have healthier behaviors than physically inactive people [33,34]. These attitudes, motivations, and intentions are often subject to affective or emotional charges.…”

Section: Physical Activity and Affective Levelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of COVID-19 on Sustainable University Sports: Analysis of Physical Activity and Positive and Negative Affects in Athletes

et al. 2021

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The suspension of university activities due to the pandemic affected training and sports competitions. However, some universities adapted online education, allowing students to carry out their activities without being infected by the virus. The aim of this study was to find out the impact of the pandemic on physical activity levels and the positive and negative effects on Chilean university athletes. The information was obtained by applying the PANAS scale and demographic and physical activity variables were also measured. The sample of Chilean university athletes (n = 254) were aged between 18 and 31 years (M = 22.17; SD = 2.76). This study led to the conclusion that maintaining the frequency of physical training during the pandemic was associated with a preservation in the levels of Positive Affect and Negative Affect compared to the non-pandemic period. Thus, physical activity training was protective of emotional well-being and, therefore, of mental health.

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“…Routine transactions between sellers and buyers also appear to bypass responses to loss aversion (Tversky & Kahneman, 1992) as is observed in experienced stock market traders (Sokol-Hessner et al, 2009). Another boundary condition where the reversal of loss aversion occurs is in contexts that support autonomy (Chatzisarantis, Kee, Thaung, & Hagger, 2012). In other words, when the provision of choice fulfills intrinsic psychological needs, such as autonomy, competence, and interpersonal relatedness (i.e., self-determination theory; Ryan & Deci, 2000), this may induce a stronger positive affect during decision making that may counteract the negative effect of loss of options, leading to a smaller magnitude of loss aversion experienced.…”

Section: Loss Aversionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Hedging in decision making in disorders of the impulsive-compulsive spectrum

Pongracic¹

2021

Preprint

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This dissertation comprises three studies that investigated the construct of hedging as a decision making strategy in individuals with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Hedging refers to the tendency to keep options available when there is a threat of loss of the options that is motivated by the underlying construct of loss aversion (i.e., Prospect Theory). Hedging introduces a behavioural economic approach to the study and understanding of the impact of loss aversion on decision making. Participants played two conditions of the Doors Game (Shin & Ariely, 2004) in which they were instructed to maximize their earnings by tapping three doors in any order: i) constant availability (CA), where all doors remain available; and ii) decreasing availability (DA), where doors fade and disappear if left untapped after a short time (to elicit hedging). In Study One, undergraduates (N = 108) played both the CA and DA conditions and evidence indicates more frequent switching in the DA than the CA condition. There was also a significant negative association between hedging and the cognitive concern subscale of anxiety sensitivity. Study Two examined other psychological correlates of hedging in another undergraduate sample (N = 63) and yielded significant negative associations with the physical component of state anxiety and experience seeking. In Study Three, the results of a comparison of hedging among OCD, Gambling Disorder (GD), and Healthy Control (HC) groups yielded no significant differences. Correlates of hedging, however, differed among the groups and regression analyses suggest that hedging in OCD is negatively predicted by obsessiveness and decisiveness (subscale of the Need for Cognitive Closure; NFC), and positively predicted by experience seeking (subscale of the Sensation Seeking Scale). In the GD group, closed-mindedness (subscale of NFC) positively predicted hedging. In the HC group, fun-seeking (subscale of Behavioral Inhibition and Behavioral Activation Scale) positively predicted hedging. Implications: This work is the first to demonstrate predictors of hedging in OCD using a loss aversion paradigm where evidence suggests that obsessional and motivational drives lead to premature choice selection. Pursuing the loss aversion perspective could significantly advance the decision making research in OCD and in other clinical populations.

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When small losses do not loom larger than small gains: Effects of contextual autonomy support and goal contents on behavioural responses to small losses and small gains

Cited by 6 publications

References 30 publications

Promoting the Avoidance of High-Calorie Snacks: Priming Autonomy Moderates Message Framing Effects

Promoting the Avoidance of High-Calorie Snacks: Priming Autonomy Moderates Message Framing Effects

Impact of COVID-19 on Sustainable University Sports: Analysis of Physical Activity and Positive and Negative Affects in Athletes

Hedging in decision making in disorders of the impulsive-compulsive spectrum

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