When sexual offender treatment in prison‐based social‐therapeutic treatment is not completed: Relationship to risk factors and recidivism after release

Carl, Lena C.; Lösel, Friedrich

doi:10.1002/cbm.2220

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…Third, participants were recruited from patients visiting medical institutions, and a criminal justice population was excluded. A considerable number of sex offenders undergo criminal punishment and they may be reluctant to receive medical treatment 46 . Thus, the participants of this study may be biased.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A considerable number of sex offenders undergo criminal punishment and they may be reluctant to receive medical treatment. 46 Thus, the participants of this study may be biased. Moreover, the study participants were provided with treatment during the study period, unlike the studies conducted in the prison setting.…”

Section: In Comparison To Previous Studies On Recidivism the Originalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of a risk assessment tool for Japanese sex offenders: The Japanese Static‐99

Harada

Nomura

Shimada

et al. 2023

Neuropsychopharm Rep

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In Japan, sexual offending, especially paraphilic sexual offending, has become a major problem, and approximately 3000 people are arrested for frotteuristic and voyeuristic behavior each year. Considering the repetitive nature of such behaviors, determining the recidivism risk is imperative. Globally, Static‐99 is one of the most widely used actuarial risk assessment tools to predict recidivism among sex offenders. However, sexual offending is largely influenced by social and cultural backgrounds, and whether risk factors identified in the West are applicable to other countries is unknown. Therefore, we developed a Japanese version of the Static‐99 and examined its reliability and validity with 167 Japanese paraphilic sex offenders. The results showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha coefficient = 0.88) and predictive accuracy (area under the curve = 0.76). The results indicate that the Japanese Static‐99 can be used with Japanese sex offenders. Moreover, risk factors identified in the Western context are applicable to Japanese sex offenders despite the different nature and manifestations of their offending.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: In Comparison To Previous Studies On Recidivism the Originalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a risk assessment tool for Japanese sex offenders: The Japanese Static‐99

Harada

Nomura

Shimada

et al. 2023

Neuropsychopharm Rep

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“…Similar to general sexual offence treatment evaluations (see Carl & Lösel, 2021 ; Olver & Wong, 2011 ), high levels of participant drop-out are common in longitudinal university-based sexual harm prevention studies (e.g., Salazar et al, 2014 ; Wong et al, 2020 ). Therefore, alongside our primary and secondary analyses, we also assessed the degree to which TG participants’ attitudes, subjective normative beliefs, and perceived behavioral control influenced their intention to complete The Pathways program.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empirically Assessing the Effectiveness of the Pathways Programme: An Online Self-Help Intervention for Male Sexual Aggression at UK Universities

Hales,

Rawers,

Gannon

2024

Arch Sex Behav

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Though contemporary evidence suggests that upwards of one-in-nine UK male university students engage in sexually violent behaviors (Hales and Gannon in Sexual Abuse 34:744–770, 2022), few evidence-based primary prevention strategies have been developed to prevent their perpetration. To help contribute to this evidence gap, this study evaluated the short and longer-term effectiveness of a novel psychoeducation-based online self-help intervention for university male sexual aggression called The Pathways Programme. Designed around current empirical understanding of university-based sexual harm in the UK, the program contains six modules that correspond with known risk factors for perpetration. Data were collected as part of a randomized control trial from 254 self-identified heterosexual male students enrolled at a UK university who reported a proclivity towards sexual aggression. Results showed that participants who took part in the program displayed moderate reductions in their self-perceived likelihood of sexual aggression (our primary treatment target) across testing points, as well as reductions in their self-reported levels of hostility towards women, rape myth acceptance, and problematic sexual fantasies (our secondary treatment targets). Control participants also displayed reductions in some domains over time, albeit to a lesser degree. Additional analyses probed the factors associated with participant drop-out, clinical and reliable change, and user feedback. Overall, our study provides preliminary evidence for the efficacy of The Pathways Programme at reducing UK university males’ risk of sexual aggression; however, we caution readers that more robust evaluation is necessary to support intervention rollout. We discuss our findings alongside the limitations of our study and provide suggestions for future research.

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“…A final issue here concerns the problem of high program refusal and drop-out rates, given that non-completion of treatment is closely associated with higher rates of recidivism compared to completion (Carl and Lo ¨sel, 2021). Ensuring participation and completion presents a major challenge for program success.…”

Section: Implications and Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Best practice in sexual offender rehabilitation and reintegration programs

Prenzler,

McKillop,

Rayment-McHugh

et al. 2023

JCRPP

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Purpose This paper aims to report on the results of a global search to identify the characteristics of successful sexual offender treatment programs, with a view to providing guidance for program development. Design/methodology/approach A keyword search was conducted of criminology and social science databases. Successful programs were selected on evaluations that used standard scientific designs. Findings This study identified 18 evaluations of 16 programs showing significant reductions in reconvictions. Most programs used cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), with both group and individual sessions; and many evidenced multisystemic therapy (MST) approaches involving families and/or local communities. CBT-based approaches were also common in the 20 unsuccessful programs identified in the study, although fewer MST-oriented features were in evidence. Noncustodial settings, and combined custodial-noncustodial settings, were also more prominent in the successful programs. Research limitations/implications There is a shortage of studies focused on the specific components of successful treatment programs for sexual offenders, including for subsets of offenders, such as ethnic minority groups and women. Practical implications The findings demonstrate the need for more investment in treatment programs with strict evaluation processes. New and modified programs are likely to benefit from the application of CBT, MST and a community-based reintegration component. More research is needed on effective elements of sexual offender treatment programs. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this appears to be the first study that examines features of successful sexual offender treatment programs, compared to unsuccessful programs, using a case-study approach. The findings reinforce the known value of CBT and systemic approaches as core features of programs but raise important questions about what other components are key to activating success.

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When sexual offender treatment in prison‐based social‐therapeutic treatment is not completed: Relationship to risk factors and recidivism after release

Cited by 10 publications

References 71 publications

Development of a risk assessment tool for Japanese sex offenders: The Japanese Static‐99

Development of a risk assessment tool for Japanese sex offenders: The Japanese Static‐99

Empirically Assessing the Effectiveness of the Pathways Programme: An Online Self-Help Intervention for Male Sexual Aggression at UK Universities

Best practice in sexual offender rehabilitation and reintegration programs

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