When research paradigms converge: Confrontation or integration?

Byrne, Donn; Clore, Gerald L.; Griffitt, William; Lamberth, John; Mitchell, Herman

doi:10.1037/h0035105

Cited by 28 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, the process tapped in the paired-comparisons paradigm would seem to be a pervasive one-we are often faced with a choice between two or more political candidates, roommates, tennis partners, etc . The findings here would seem to answer the criticisms of Byrne et al (1973) and Kaplan and Anderson (1973) regarding design characteristics.…”

mentioning

confidence: 73%

“…Byrne, Clore, Griffitt, Lamberth, and Mitchell (1973) have argued that the within-S designs are prone to demand chara cteristic problems, while single judgments represent the natural state of attraction. On the other hand, Kaplan and Anderson (1973) suggest that between-S designs are subject to errors due to the relativity of judgment, and to scalar requirements.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The set-size effect in personality impression formation is not an artifact

Levin

Kaplan

1974

Bull. Psychon. Soc.

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The set-size effect in impression formation has been a highly reliable phenomenon when set size was varied as a within-S factor, but this effect has often been absent in between'S designs. Researchers have questioned the use of one or the other of these design techniq~es. and ha~e consequently labe~ed as artifactual either the presence or absence of set-size effects. ThIS IS a crucial matter for theories of impression formation. Studies are cited which have obtained the set-size eff~ct in a paired-co~paris,?ns paradigm where previous design criticisms would not seem to apply, and m between-S designs using specific procedural techniques. It is concluded that the set-size effect is not an artifact.

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mentioning

confidence: 73%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The set-size effect in personality impression formation is not an artifact

Levin

Kaplan

1974

Bull. Psychon. Soc.

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“…The explanations for this effect usually fall into one of two camps (Kaplan and Anderson 1973). The 'reinforcement model' (Byrne, Clore, Griffitt, Lamberth and Mitchell 1973) argues that people tend to look for information that confirms their self-image and avoids the emergence of cognitive dissonances (Festinger 1957). People who are perceived as similar find our sympathy and reinforce our construction of the world, which in turn leads to attraction.…”

Section: Similarity-attraction Theoriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structure and characteristics of top management teams as antecedents of outside executive appointments: a three-country study

Doms¹,

Knyphausen‐Aufseß²

2014

The International Journal of Human Resource Management

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We examine top management team (TMT) structure and characteristics as potential endogenous antecedents of outside appointments of non-CEO senior executives, an executive category that has not yet received significant research attention despite its importance for corporate outcomes. In doing so, we draw on human capital and similarity-attraction theories, thus combining two complementary managerial decision rationales. Additionally addressing the pressing need for cross-country TMT research, this study empirically analyzes a unique sample of 880 non-CEO TMT appointments at large non-financial corporations in France, Germany and the UK between 2006 and 2010. Overall, the results show that TMT endogenous factors such as structure, new executive characteristics and incumbent TMT characteristics may hold significant explanatory power for new executives' origin. Beyond the individual explanatory factors, the comparative nature of the study reveals three distinct country profiles of the degree by which the two theoretical rationales appear to influence appointment decisions.

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“…However, using these explanations to interpret results from the affect-oriented procedures of the present study involves a peculiar though interesting hybridization of cognitive and affective theoretical notions. Although such hybridizations mayor may not be desirable (Byrne, Clore, Griffitt, Lamberth, & Mitchell, 1973;Kaplan & Anderson, 1973), in the interest of simplicity and theoretical purity an alternative (and possibly more parsimonious) explanation of the present results can be offered within the context of Byrne's reinforcement affect paradigm (Byrne, 1971).…”

Section: Proportion Of Similarity Within Blocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpersonal attraction as a joint function of primacy and recency effects

Bell

1975

Memory & Cognition

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Empirical primacy-recency inconsistencies between Byrne's reinforcement affect model of attraction and Anderson's information integration model of personality impression formation were explored. Thirty-six male and female Ss gave attraction responses to sequences of blocks of similar and dissimilar attitudes arranged in increasing or decreasing proportions of similarity and increasing or decreasing levels of topic importance. Results generally supported the hypothesis that attraction is a joint function of the proportion of similar attitudes within each block (recency) and cumulative proportion of similar attitudes before each response (primacy). This joint occurrence of primacy and recency effects was interpreted in terms of an affect neutralization hypothesis.

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When research paradigms converge: Confrontation or integration?

Cited by 28 publications

References 35 publications

The set-size effect in personality impression formation is not an artifact

The set-size effect in personality impression formation is not an artifact

Structure and characteristics of top management teams as antecedents of outside executive appointments: a three-country study

Interpersonal attraction as a joint function of primacy and recency effects

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