When Police Kill

Zimring, Franklin E.

doi:10.4159/9780674978058

Cited by 145 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…By conditioning on the factors and factor loadings, the IFE estimator relaxes the assumption of parallel trends required by alternative models such as difference-in-differences (19). The IFE estimator produces a counterfactual matrix Y it (0) which we subtract from the observed matrix Y it (1). The ATT is the mean difference between Y it (0) and Y it (1) in posttreatment months.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…procedural justice | policing | misconduct | complaints | force T he August 9, 2014 police shooting of unarmed civilian Michael Brown in Ferguson, MO, gained national prominence by highlighting police use of excessive force. What was unusual about this event was not that it happened, since the level of police shootings has been more or less constant for years (1), but the scale of publicity it drew to the use of force in American policing. Such shootings are only the highly visible top of a spectrum of perceived police abuses of authority, beginning with asserting dominance via demeaning, disrespectful, and harassing treatment and escalating to involve the use of clubs, tasers, and, in some cases, guns.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Procedural justice training reduces police use of force and complaints against officers

Wood

Tyler

Papachristos

2020

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

133

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Existing research shows that distrust of the police is widespread and consequential for public safety. However, there is a shortage of interventions that demonstrably reduce negative police interactions with the communities they serve. A training program in Chicago attempted to encourage 8,480 officers to adopt procedural justice policing strategies. These strategies emphasize respect, neutrality, and transparency in the exercise of authority, while providing opportunities for civilians to explain their side of events. We find that training reduced complaints against the police by 10.0% and reduced the use of force against civilians by 6.4% over 2 y. These findings affirm the feasibility of changing the command and control style of policing which has been associated with popular distrust and the use of force, through a broad training program built around the concept of procedurally just policing.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Procedural justice training reduces police use of force and complaints against officers

Wood

Tyler

Papachristos

2020

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

133

123

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Her description echoes explanations from our limited cultural capital group—for example, “[The officer] is going to search the car one way or the other.” In many situations, it may be rational for people with limited cultural capital not to bring a salient sense of entitlement into police–citizen interactions. After all, extensive literature documents differences in police treatment on the basis of race (Epp et al ; Goff et al ; Zimring ) and class (Epp et al ; Smith ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Legal Consciousness and Cultural Capital

Young¹,

Billings²

2020

Law Soc Rev

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this article, we use a Bourdieusian framework to theorize the relationship between cultural capital and legal consciousness, and in turn to consider how variation in legal consciousness contributes to the creation and maintenance of legal hegemony. We investigate how cultural capital shapes the ways people navigate situations that force them to mediate between state-conferred rights, on one hand, and requests from state authority, on the other. Specifically, we analyze open-ended responses to a series of vignettes about constitutional rights in the criminal procedure context. We find that high cultural capital gives rise to a greater sense of self-efficacy in police-citizen interactions. This finding parallels the literature on the influence of cultural capital in the education context and may point to a more general pattern of selfadvocacy within the juridical field. People with high cultural capital also evince a more salient sense of entitlement, understanding their own needs and desires as paramount. The social processes we identify may make people with limited cultural capital more vulnerable to investigative authority, and thus more susceptible to arrest and prosecution. Even if knowledge of a right and the opportunity to assert that right are equally distributed, meaningful access to that right remains inequitable.When courts hand down rulings about police-citizen encounters, they often assume that rights assertion is a straightforward matter: If a suspect does not want her home searched without a warrant, she can refuse. If a suspect would rather not tell police where he went last night, he need not speak to them. Courts tend to hold, either implicitly (e.g., United States v. Drayton [2002]) or explicitly (e.g., Salinas v. Texas [2013]) that the rights assertion playing field is level-that is, that the US Constitution affords everyone a meaningful chance to assert his or her rights.But as an empirical matter, we know little about this playing field. Do all innocent people feel equally enabled to assert their rights? What situational factors shape how people think about constitutional rights? Occasionally the Supreme Court has lamented this dearth of research. During oral argument in Brendlin v. California (2007), for example, Justice Stephen BreyerThe authors thank Rebecca Sandefur and two anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful feedback, David Sklansky and Robert Weisberg for discussions about the legal implications of this project, Emma Aulenback for her research assistance, and several instructors who generously allowed us to distribute surveys in their courses.Please direct all correspondence to Kathryne M. Young

show abstract

“…Yet, they have become one of the most “visible and controversial” aspects of the U.S. criminal justice system today (Klinger, Rosenfeld, Isom, & Deckard, , p. 194). Despite the controversy, most police shootings never rise to the level of public consciousness (Zimring, ). Instead, the public discourse tends to center on just a handful of cases, and as a result, these cases have a disproportionate impact on the public's perception of police competence and legitimacy (Gau, ; Pickering & Klinger, ; White, ).…”

Section: Police Use Of Deadly Forcementioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond false positives

Taylor

2019

Criminology & Public Policy

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Research Summary Daniel Kahneman (2011) wrote, “There are distinctive patterns in the errors people make. Systemic errors are known as biases, and they recur predictability in particular circumstances. … The availability of diagnostic labels for [these] biases make [them] easier to anticipate, recognize, and understand.” In this article, we examine the systemic nature of human error in the context of officer‐involved shootings—one of the most visible and controversial aspects of the U.S. criminal justice system—and we seek to provide a common language for discussing, recognizing, and understanding these tragic outcomes. Policy Implications The resulting typology offers a framework for a systems‐based approach to researching and investigating police shooting errors that, in turn, could provide a powerful vehicle for reform, improved officer decision‐making, and ultimately better outcomes.

show abstract

When Police Kill

Cited by 145 publications

References 0 publications

Procedural justice training reduces police use of force and complaints against officers

Procedural justice training reduces police use of force and complaints against officers

Legal Consciousness and Cultural Capital

Beyond false positives

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About