“…In a prospective observational cohort study, 100 patients were admitted to the medical ICU of the Saint-Louis Teaching Hospital in Paris between January 1, 1997 and June 30,2003. They met the five following criteria that are inoperable solid tumor or hematologic malignancy diagnosed within 30 days before ICU admission; no previous chemotherapy; acute organ failure requiring supportive care available only in the ICU (endotracheal or noninvasive mechanical ventilation, need for copious fluid expansion or vasopressors, and need for dialysis); need for immediate cancer chemotherapy, and eligible to receive chemotherapy during ICU stay by the treating hematologist and oncologists, because of acute life-threatening cancer-related complications (compression by the tumor, TLS, pulmonary or hepatic infiltration by the malignancy, cerebral or pulmonary leukostasis, or hemophagocytosis with organ failure); and management by a multidisciplinary team including intensivists and oncologists.…”