“When I say I'm depressed, it's like anger.” An exploration of the emotional landscape of climate change concern in Norway and its psychological, social and political implications

Marczak, Michalina; Winkowska, Małgorzata; Chaton-Østlie, Katia; Rios, Roxanna Morote; Klöckner, Christian A.

doi:10.1016/j.emospa.2023.100939

Cited by 20 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The sample size of the studies varied from 11 [27] to 128,484 [21]. Most of the studies included participants aged ≤25 years and for those which included some older participants [15,22], data relating to the preferred age group (≤25 years) were extracted. Studies generally demonstrated a higher number of female participants compared to males.…”

Section: Results: Study Selec Onmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco-anxiety among Children and Young People: Systematic Review of Social, Political, and Geographical determinants

Kankawale,

Niedzwiedz

2023

Preprint

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BackgroundEco-anxiety, the experience of challenging emotions relating to environmental issues, such as climate change, and the threats they present, is of increasing global public health concern. Although responses to eco-anxiety can be positive and motivational, experienced to a severe extent, they may contribute to depressive and anxiety disorders, exacerbate existing mental health conditions and negatively impact general wellbeing. Children and young people may be more susceptible to higher levels eco-anxiety, but the factors which contribute to eco-anxiety are not well-understood. This systematic review explored the social, political and geographical factors influencing eco-anxiety among children and young people.MethodsA comprehensive search of articles published between 2017-2023 was conducted on using EBSCOhost for APA PsycArticles, APA PsycInfo, Child Development & Adolescent Studies, CINAHL, EconLit, GreenFILE, Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition, MEDLINE, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, and SocINDEX, with additional individual searches conducted on PubMed, Google Scholar, MedRxiv and PsyArxiv. The quality of included articles was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Checklist. The findings were summarised using a narrative synthesis approach.ResultsEighteen studies were included in the synthesis after screening 2,588 articles. Determinants in three major categories were identified: social (including age, gender, socioeconomic position, education, news and social media), political (climate activism, government inaction and sense of betrayal), and geographical factors (direct exposure to climate change-related events and country/region). Nine studies were cross-sectional, five were qualitative, three were mixed methods and one was longitudinal. Most studies were from high-income countries, particularly Australia, New Zealand and Norway. Studies were of variable methodological quality, using different measurement approaches to eco-anxiety and most surveys were conducted online using non-representative samples.ConclusionEco-anxiety is influenced by a range of social, political, and geographical factors. Governments and the mass media could play an important role in preventing eco-anxiety becoming of clinical concern. Given the lack of high-quality studies in this area, further research is essential to better understand the determinants of eco-anxiety across cultures to help minimize its impact on mental health and wellbeing and ensure it is channeled positively.

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Section: Results: Study Selec Onmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco-anxiety among Children and Young People: Systematic Review of Social, Political, and Geographical determinants

Kankawale,

Niedzwiedz

2023

Preprint

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“…A preliminary study to define the range of eco-emotions to be potentially included to provide content validity evidence and test-retest reliability of the measures were missing in most of the included scales, despite both components have been emphasized to be relevant prerequisites for scale development. 30,55–57 According to the assessments of study design and risk of bias of each study, most studies seem in need of improvement and better evidence in terms of methodological robustness, and to be at moderate risk of bias.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…77 It might be possible to speculate therefore that if we want to assess to what extent which emotion(s) trigger people to take action to reverse the environmental conditions or at least slow down the progress, as a first step, we must enable people to express all their feelings about changes in climate and environmental conditions. Followed by a preliminary study conducted to gather and cluster various emotions, 30 a very recent instrument titled Inventory of Climate Emotions (ICE), 78 published after the searches for the current review had been conducted, offers a relatively wider range of emotions related to climate change, including hopefulness and empowerment as positive emotional dimensions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…29 This can be achieved by revealing all the emotions that motivate people to take action. 30 Consequently, very recently, the focus has been shifted from eco-anxiety or eco-anger to studying eco-emotions, as a way of conceptually characterizing the various types of emotions. 30 Emotions are also tightly associated with cognitive and behaviour traits, which are sometime used to assess the emotions themselves.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…30 Consequently, very recently, the focus has been shifted from eco-anxiety or eco-anger to studying eco-emotions, as a way of conceptually characterizing the various types of emotions. 30 Emotions are also tightly associated with cognitive and behaviour traits, which are sometime used to assess the emotions themselves. For example, one could ask to what extent a person perceives eco-anxiety (the emotion), or if they have negative perspectives on the future of the planet because of climate change (cognition), or if they sleep poorly because of climate change (behaviour).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Measuring Planetary Eco-Emotions: A Systematic Review of Currently Available Instruments and Their Psychometric Properties

Kırımer-Aydınlı,

Juaréz Castelán,

Hakim

et al. 2024

Preprint

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BackgroundThe climate crisis has a wide range of direct and indirect mental health impacts on populations. However, their quantification is limited by the lack of unified definitions and assessment tools. The aim of this systematic review is to map all psychometric instruments used to measure emotions associated with the climate crisis, evaluate their psychometric characteristics, and identify any existing gaps.MethodsThe protocol was registered on PROSPERO. Data were reported following the COSMIN Risk of Bias of PROM and PRISMA checklists. Original articles describing the psychometric properties and/or validation of self-report measures designed to assess eco-anxiety and other climate change-related emotions in the general population were within the scope of this review. PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science were the search engines used.FindingsA total of 10 different psychometric scales measuring various eco-emotions were identified. Four focused on anxiety, while the remaining six focused on combinations of other negative emotions. The definitions of eco-emotions were not consistent across papers. Most of the instruments were developed in the Global North. Six of the instruments were multidimensional. All but one scale included at least one item indicating behavioural, cognitive, or physical aspects of emotions toward climate crises. The most recurrent emotion was worry, followed by anxiety, fear, and sadness. Including ten scale development studies, a total of 22 studies reporting instrument validation were reviewed. Two of the instruments have been validated in other populations.InterpretationTo what extent the emotions covered by the instruments may overlap in relation to climate change is, to date, not clear. This is due to the lack of consistent definitions of climate-related emotions. Moreover, the mention of emotions was derived by a top-down approach, in all included studies. No positive emotions, such as hopefulness, humor, anticipated pride, gratitude, optimism, or feeling strong to do something though own contributions, have been detected.

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Climate crisis and youth mental health in Greece: an interdisciplinary approach

Magklara,

Kapsimalli,

Liarakou

et al. 2024

Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry

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“When I say I'm depressed, it's like anger.” An exploration of the emotional landscape of climate change concern in Norway and its psychological, social and political implications

Cited by 20 publications

References 34 publications

Eco-anxiety among Children and Young People: Systematic Review of Social, Political, and Geographical determinants

Eco-anxiety among Children and Young People: Systematic Review of Social, Political, and Geographical determinants

Measuring Planetary Eco-Emotions: A Systematic Review of Currently Available Instruments and Their Psychometric Properties

Climate crisis and youth mental health in Greece: an interdisciplinary approach

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