When Has an Abandoned Field Become a Semi-Natural Grassland or Heathland?

Ejrnæs, Rasmus; Liira, Jaan; Poulsen, Roar S.; Nygaard, Bettina

doi:10.1007/s00267-008-9183-6

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…This conclusion can be drawn for both moisture regimes. Similar regeneration times were found by Ejrnaes et al (2008) in Denmark and by Csecserits et al (2011) for sandy old fields in the Kiskunság region. In the latter study the regeneration had to be considered incomplete, though, as cover of neophyte species was too high in most of the regenerated grassland stands.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Secondary Grassland Succession In the Invsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Therefore, besides taking efforts to conserve the remnants of valuable ancient primary stands, the question is whether it is possible to recreate similar vegetation on areas abandoned by man. Numerous studies have dealt with the development of secondary grassland, for example Gibson and Brown (1991), Pywell et al (2002), Ruprecht (2006), Ejrnaes et al (2008), Fagan et al (2008), Csecserits et al (2011) and Jírová et al (2011). Some general concepts about plant community assembly on old fields have already been developed (Cramer et al 2008), but a comparison of the results leads to the conclusion that regeneration success and the time span needed for it vary widely depending on the investigated region, the habitat characteristics and the concerned grassland type.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Parallels of secondary grassland succession and soil regeneration in a chronosequence of central-Hungarian old fields

et al. 2015

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This study deals with spontaneous regeneration of fen and steppe meadows and corresponding soil properties on extensively managed ex-arable fields. Our first main aim was to analyse the nature of relations between various vegetation and soil parameters and time since abandonment and to determine the time needed for regeneration. Our second major goal was to determine the main environmental factors influencing regeneration success. Time since abandonment of the studied areas was determined with military maps, aerial photographs and the help of local rangers. Stands which were presumably not ploughed for over 150 years were taken as a reference. Vegetation surveys and soil sampling were carried out in 307 plots with different soil moisture conditions. The correlation with time was tested for relevant vegetation and soil parameters. The influence of different parameters on the species composition was tested with a generalized linear mixed model. We found that vegetation and soil parameters approach the level of long-term (permanent) grassland in a similar asymptotic curve. Numerous characteristic target vegetation species and legally protected species have colonized the old fields. The time frame needed for regeneration can be stated to be 20-40 years for the majority of sites, but the proportion of favourable species in the resulting grasslands is divergent. The most important finding among soil properties was a pronounced negative effect of plant available phosphorus on the species composition of regenerating grassland. We conclude that relying on spontaneous recolonization for grassland restoration in central Hungary is promising, particularly on sites which were not fertilized intensively with phosphorus prior to abandonment.

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Section: Characteristics Of Secondary Grassland Succession In the Invsupporting

confidence: 86%

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confidence: 99%

Parallels of secondary grassland succession and soil regeneration in a chronosequence of central-Hungarian old fields

et al. 2015

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“…The plant inputs are assumed to recover to the steady state after 5 yr in forestry and 20 yr in semi-natural vegetation. These reduction rates and times were set to emulate the observations of Hargreaves et al (2003) and Ejrnaes et al (2008). This is a necessarily simplistic approach, accounting for the detailed interactions of inputs from the understory vegetation, canopy closure and maturity using just one simple equation.…”

Section: Temporary Reduction In the Plant Inputs From That Of Establimentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating changes in Scottish soil carbon stocks using ECOSSE. I. Model description and uncertainties

Smith¹,

Gottschalk²,

Bellarby³

et al. 2010

Clim. Res.

111

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To predict the response of C-rich soils to external change, models are needed that accurately reflect the conditions of these soils. Estimation of Carbon in Organic Soils -Sequestration and Emissions (ECOSSE) is a model that allows simulations of soil C and N turnover in both mineral and organic soils using only the limited meteorological, land-use and soil data that is available at the national scale. Because it is able to function at field as well as national scales if appropriate input data are used, field-scale evaluations can be used to determine uncertainty in national simulations. Here we present an evaluation of the uncertainty expected in national-scale simulations of Scotland, using data from the National Soil Inventory of Scotland. This data set provides measurements of C change for the range of soils, climates and land-use types found across Scotland. The simulated values show a high degree of association with the measurements in both total C and change in C content of the soil. Over all sites where land-use change occurred, the average deviation between the simulated and measured values of percentage change in soil C was less than the experimental error (11% simulation error, 53% measurement error). This suggests that the uncertainty in the national-scale simulations will be ~11%. Only a small bias in the simulations was observed compared to the measured values, suggesting that a small underestimate of the change in soil C should be expected at the national scale (-4%).

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“…Abandoned fields on warm and dry, southern exposed slopes are spontaneously colonized by thermophilous communities with a large share of rare xerothermic grasslands species. These places may perform an important role in habitat-based species conservation (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xerothermic vegetation of fallow lands in western Małopolska

Woch¹

2011

Annales UMCS, Biologia

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SUMMARyIn 2005-2011 the occurrence of xerothermic vegetation on fallow lands located on hills near Trzebinia and jaworzno was studied. The Braun-Blanquet relevés were performed on SE, S and SW slopes. Well-drained brown loamy soils developed on shallow sands on Triassic dolomites, limestone and Myślachowice conglomerate dominating at the sites. Investigations were also conducted on amid-field balks and fallow lands where in 2005 moderate agricultural activity was resumed. In general, superficial ploughing has not eliminated plant cover, but only disturbed turf and uncovered soil seed bank of former cultivation weeds.fields 10-15 years after they had been abandoned, were dominated by the dauco-Picridetum hieracioidis xerothermic ruderal association, with considerable share of malva alcea and Verbascum species (V. densiflorum, V. lychnitis, V. phlomoides and V. thapsus) Additionally, on ploughed fallows in gaps of turf numerous annual and biennial segetal as well as ruderal species were observed. In many places thermophilous segetal association of Papaveretum argemones developed, in which a significant share of avena fatua, camelina microcarpa subsp. sylvestris, consolida regalis, lithospermum arvense and Papaver rhoeas was noted in addition to arabidopsis thaliana, Papaver argemone and Veronica triphyllos. 106The oldest fallows (20-25 years after abandonment), amid-fields steep slopes and balks were covered by Geranio-Peucedanietum cervariae associations. Their physiognomy was formed by agrimonia eupatoria, Brachypodium pinnatum and origanum vulgare, sometimes also by Geranium sanguineum, Peucedanum cervaria and P. oreoselinum. This vegetation was in spatial contact with thermophilous thickets of Berberidion alliance with cornus sanguinea, crataegus monogyna, Prunus spinosa, rhamnus cathartica, and rosa canina.On xerothermic post-agricultural areas specific stable communities formed by thermophilous species from meadows, ruderals, grasslands and thickets occurred. A new phenomenon of recent years, related to EU benefits -superficial ploughing of fallows, not followed by regular cultivationfavours segetal vegetation. Weeds communities are regressing in Europe as an effect of modern agriculture. Post-agricultural secondary habitats are important elements that should be taken into account in studies of appearance and protection of xerothermic plants. Na przeoranych odłogach w lukach darni dodatkowo licznie pojawiły się jedno-i dwuletnie gatunki segetalne i ruderalne. W wielu miejscach wykształcił się termofilny zespół Papaveretum argemones, w płatach którego obok arabidopsis thaliana, Papaver argemone i Veronica triphyllos obficie wystąpiły m.in. avena fatua, camelina microcarpa subsp. sylvestris, consolida regalis, lithospermum arvense i Papaver rhoeas.Najstarsze odłogi (20-25 letnie), miejsca płytkiego zalegania podłoża skalnego oraz miedze porastał zespół Geranio-Peucedanietum cervariae, płatom którego fizjonomie nadawały agrimonia eupatoria, Brachypodium pinnatum i origanum vulgare, a niekiedy także Geranium s...

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When Has an Abandoned Field Become a Semi-Natural Grassland or Heathland?

Cited by 23 publications

References 30 publications

Parallels of secondary grassland succession and soil regeneration in a chronosequence of central-Hungarian old fields

Parallels of secondary grassland succession and soil regeneration in a chronosequence of central-Hungarian old fields

Estimating changes in Scottish soil carbon stocks using ECOSSE. I. Model description and uncertainties

Xerothermic vegetation of fallow lands in western Małopolska

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