When early life growth restriction in rats is followed by attenuated postnatal growth: effects on cardiac function in adulthood

Zohdi, Vladislava; Pearson, James T.; Kett, Michelle M; Lombardo, Paul; Schneider-Kolsky, Michal Elisabeth; Black, M. Jane

doi:10.1007/s00394-014-0752-6

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In our analyses of the adult hearts of the IUGR LPD offspring we have no evidence of overt structural abnormalities in the myocardium of LPD offspring compared to NPD offspring in early adulthood (18 weeks of age) as assessed by echocardiography [ 150 ] and there is no significant difference in the amount of interstitial collagen deposition within the myocardium between the LPD and NPD groups [ 149 ]. Interestingly, however, when the biochemical composition of the left ventricle was assessed using FTIR micro-spectroscopy [ 149 ] there were marked differences detected in the biochemical spectra of the growth-restricted myocardium.…”

Section: Cardiac Remodelling In the Adult Iugr Heart With Normal Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although no differences in myocardial collagen were observed between LPD and NPD offspring at 18 weeks of age we have detected an increase in interstitial fibrosis in LPD offspring at 24 weeks of age [ 143 ] and at 32 weeks of age [ 147 ]; hence, it is conceivable that there may be an exacerbated deposition of collagen within the myocardium as the LPD offspring age. Interestingly, at 18 weeks of age we found minimal evidence of overt cardiac dysfunction under basal conditions in the IUGR offspring as assessed using both echocardiography and P-V catheterization techniques; fractional shortening a measure of myocardial contractility was normal [ 150 ]. Likewise, in another study from our laboratory there was preserved fractional shortening of the cardiac muscle in the IUGR offspring at 32 weeks of age [ 147 ].…”

Section: Cardiac Remodelling In the Adult Iugr Heart With Normal Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developmental Programming of Cardiovascular Disease Following Intrauterine Growth Restriction: Findings Utilising A Rat Model of Maternal Protein Restriction

et al. 2014

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Over recent years, studies have demonstrated links between risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood and adverse events that occurred very early in life during fetal development. The concept that there are embryonic and fetal adaptive responses to a sub-optimal intrauterine environment often brought about by poor maternal diet that result in permanent adverse consequences to life-long health is consistent with the definition of “programming”. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview of the current knowledge of the effects of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) on long-term cardiac structure and function, with particular emphasis on the effects of maternal protein restriction. Much of our recent knowledge has been derived from animal models. We review the current literature of one of the most commonly used models of IUGR (maternal protein restriction in rats), in relation to birth weight and postnatal growth, blood pressure and cardiac structure and function. In doing so, we highlight the complexity of developmental programming, with regards to timing, degree of severity of the insult, genotype and the subsequent postnatal phenotype.

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Section: Cardiac Remodelling In the Adult Iugr Heart With Normal Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cardiac Remodelling In the Adult Iugr Heart With Normal Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Programming of Cardiovascular Disease Following Intrauterine Growth Restriction: Findings Utilising A Rat Model of Maternal Protein Restriction

et al. 2014

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“…Switching pups to standard chow after birth results in maladaptive changes in the adult heart, which also includes contractile dysfunction 25,41,42 . Interestingly, if LPD conditions are maintained for 2 weeks after birth no impairment of heart function was observed in adulthood 54 . Consistently, our data show that constant pre- and postnatal LPD conditions do not adversely affect the offspring´s heart in adulthood under baseline conditions, even though detrimental changes upon cardiac stress or ageing cannot be excluded.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary protein restriction throughout intrauterine and postnatal life results in potentially beneficial myocardial tissue remodeling in the adult mouse heart

Hennig

Ewering

Pyschny

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Diet composition impacts metabolic and cardiovascular health with high caloric diets contributing to obesity related disorders. Dietary interventions such as caloric restriction exert beneficial effects in the cardiovascular system, but alteration of which specific nutrient is responsible is less clear. This study investigates the effects of a low protein diet (LPD) on morphology, tissue composition and function of the neonatal and adult mouse heart. Mice were subjected to LPD (8.8% protein) or standard protein diet (SPD, 22% protein) throughout intrauterine and postnatal life. At birth LPD female but not male offspring exhibit reduced body weight whereas heart weight was unchanged in both sexes. Cardiomyocyte cross sectional area was increased in newborn LPD females compared to SPD, whereas proliferation, cellular tissue composition and vascularization were unaffected. Adult female mice on LPD exhibit reduced body weight but normal heart weight compared to SPD controls. Echocardiography revealed normal left ventricular contractility in LPD animals. Histology showed reduced interstitial fibrosis, lower cardiomyocyte volume and elevated numbers of cardiomyocyte and non-myocyte nuclei per tissue area in adult LPD versus SPD myocardium. Furthermore, capillary density was increased in LPD hearts. In conclusion, pre- and postnatal dietary protein restriction in mice causes a potentially beneficial myocardial remodeling.

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“…In those investigations, cardiomyocytes volumes, measured by Coulter counter, improved over time, but the relevance to neonatal GR was not established since the cohorts were defined by litter size rather than pup weight. Further highlighting the importance of timeline‐specific investigations, when a low protein diet is provided throughout pregnancy and lactation, no alterations in cardiomyocyte numbers or cardiac morphology are seen (Lim et al, ; Zohdi et al, ). In contrast, when the low protein diet is only provided during pregnancy and not during lactation, cardiomyocyte proliferation is decreased and cardiac contractility is reduced (Cheema et al, ; Menendez‐Castro et al, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal Growth Restriction Slows Cardiomyocyte Development and Reduces Adult Heart Size

Knott

Haskell

Strawser

et al. 2018

The Anatomical Record

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Prematurity is associated with reduced cardiac dimensions and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. While prematurity is typically associated with ex utero neonatal growth restriction (GR), the independent effect of neonatal GR on cardiac development has not been established. We tested the hypothesis that isolated neonatal GR decreases cardiomyocyte growth and proliferation, leading to long-term alterations in cardiac morphology. C57BL/6 mice were fostered in litters ranging in size from 6 to 12 pups to accentuate normal variation in neonatal growth. Regardless of litter size, GR was defined by a weight below the 10th percentile. On postnatal day 8, Ki67 immunoreactivity, cardiomyocyte nucleation status and cardiomyocyte profile area were assessed. For adult mice, cardiomyocyte area was determined, along with cardiac dimensions by echocardiography and cardiac fibrosis by Masson's trichrome stain. On day 8, cardiomyocytes from GR versus control mice were significantly smaller and less likely to be binucleated with evidence of persistent cell cycle activity. As adults, GR mice continued to have smaller cardiomyocytes, as well as decreased left ventricular volumes without signs of fibrosis. Neonatal GR reduces cardiomyocyte size, delays the completion of binucleation, and leads to long-term alterations in cardiac morphology. Clinical studies are needed to ascertain whether these results translate to preterm infants that must continue to grow and mature in the midst of the increased circulatory demands that accompany their premature transition to an ex utero existence. Anat Rec, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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When early life growth restriction in rats is followed by attenuated postnatal growth: effects on cardiac function in adulthood

Abstract: Our findings support the idea that the programming of adult cardiovascular disease can be prevented or delayed in IUGR offspring when postnatal growth trajectory resembles that of in utero.

Cited by 11 publications

References 36 publications

Developmental Programming of Cardiovascular Disease Following Intrauterine Growth Restriction: Findings Utilising A Rat Model of Maternal Protein Restriction

Developmental Programming of Cardiovascular Disease Following Intrauterine Growth Restriction: Findings Utilising A Rat Model of Maternal Protein Restriction

Dietary protein restriction throughout intrauterine and postnatal life results in potentially beneficial myocardial tissue remodeling in the adult mouse heart

Neonatal Growth Restriction Slows Cardiomyocyte Development and Reduces Adult Heart Size

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