When does a stream become a river?

Czuba, Jonathan A.; Allen, George H.

doi:10.1002/rra.4185

River Research & Apps

2023

DOI: 10.1002/rra.4185

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When does a stream become a river?

Jonathan A. Czuba

George H. Allen

Abstract: The distinction between a “stream” and “river” is imprecise and vague despite the popular usage of the terms across disciplines for describing flowing waterbodies. Based on an analysis of named flowing waterbodies in the continental United States, we suggest a bank‐to‐bank channel width of 15 m as a working threshold in defining smaller “streams” from larger “rivers.”

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2024

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Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

(37 reference statements)

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Exceptions to the Heterotrophic Rule: Prevalence and Drivers of Autotrophy in Streams and Rivers

Carter,

Lowman,

Blaszczak

et al. 2024

Ecosystems

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Exceptions to the Heterotrophic Rule: Prevalence and Drivers of Autotrophy in Streams and Rivers

Carter,

Lowman,

Blaszczak

et al. 2024

Ecosystems

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Lidar DEM and Computational Mesh Grid Resolutions Modify Roughness in 2D Hydrodynamic Models

Prior,

Michaelson,

Czuba

et al. 2024

Water Resources Research

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Topography and the computational mesh grid are fundamental inputs to all two‐dimensional (2D) hydrodynamic models, however their resolutions are often arbitrarily selected based on data availability. With the increasing use of drone technology, the end user can collect topographic data down to centimeter‐scale resolution. With this advancement comes the responsibility of choosing a resolution. In this study, we investigated how the choice of mesh grid and digital elevation model (DEM) resolutions affect 2D hydrodynamic modeling results, specifically water depths, velocities, and inundation extent. We made pairwise comparisons between simulations from a 2D HEC‐RAS model with varying mesh grid resolutions (1 and 2 m) and drone‐based lidar DEM resolutions (0.1, 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 m) over a 1.5 km reach of Stroubles Creek in Blacksburg, Virginia. The model was rerun for up to ±4% change in floodplain roughness to determine how the DEM and mesh grid changes relate to an equivalent change in roughness. We found that the modeled differences from resolution change were equivalent to altering floodplain roughness by up to 12% for depths and 44% for velocities. The largest differences in velocity were concentrated at the channel‐floodplain interface, whereas differences in depth occurred laterally throughout the floodplain and were not correlated with lidar ground point density. We also found that the inundation boundary is dependent on the DEM resolution. Our results suggest that modelers should carefully consider what resolution best represents the terrain while also resolving important riparian topographic features.

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Can displaced Anguilla marmorata return to their original habitat? Daily tracking study of their homing behavior

Maeda,

Hagihara,

Wakiya

et al. 2024

Journal of Fish Biology

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Anguilla marmorata collected in the Odana River lower reaches were passive integrated transponder‐tagged displaced and released into the upper river reaches (54 up‐transported eels), and eels collected in the upper reaches were tagged and released downstream (52 down‐transported eels). Their movements were detected once per day for 10 days using a portable radio‐frequency identification (RFID) system. The homing rate of the down‐transported eels was 38.9%, compared to 3.7% for the up‐transported eels, suggesting that eels inhabiting upstream areas have relatively high fidelity to their habitats and downstream eels have less fidelity.

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When does a stream become a river?

Cited by 4 publications

References 21 publications

Exceptions to the Heterotrophic Rule: Prevalence and Drivers of Autotrophy in Streams and Rivers

Exceptions to the Heterotrophic Rule: Prevalence and Drivers of Autotrophy in Streams and Rivers

Lidar DEM and Computational Mesh Grid Resolutions Modify Roughness in 2D Hydrodynamic Models

Can displaced Anguilla marmorata return to their original habitat? Daily tracking study of their homing behavior

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