When documents deceive: Trust and provenance as new factors for information retrieval in a tangled web

Lynch, Clifford A.

doi:10.1002/1532-2890(2000)52:1<12::aid-asi1062>3.3.co;2-m

Cited by 43 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Research establishes that individuals need more than access to various sources of information in order to have their information needs satisfied, they also need to be able to select between competing sources of information (Wilkinson, 2001;Leckie et al, 1996;Lynch, 2001). This distinction has also been recognized as the distinction between the public's need for information and the public's need for stability in the meaning of a work (Hughes, 1999;see also MacNeil, 2000).…”

Section: The Role and Function Of Moral Rightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Information Context of Moral Rights Under the Copyright Regime

Wilkinson

Gerolami

2013

CAIS/ACSI

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Moral rights have not been so uniformly or widely adopted as economic copyrights for authors, perhaps because the actual and potential value of moral rights in ensuring information needs are met has gone unrecognized. The authors demonstrate that moral rights protection can enhance authority control in the new information environment.Le droit moral n'a jamais été adopté aussi uniformément ou largement que le droit d'auteur, vraisemblablement parce la valeur réelle et potentielle du droit moral dans le respect des besoins informationnels est passée inaperçue. Les auteurs démontrent que la protection du droit moral peut améliorer le contrôle dans le nouvel environnement de l'information.

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Section: The Role and Function Of Moral Rightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Information Context of Moral Rights Under the Copyright Regime

Wilkinson

Gerolami

2013

CAIS/ACSI

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“…Provenance is in fact identified as one of the many salient factors that affect how users determine trust in content provided by Web information sources [442]. This view is echoed by Lynch [257], who argues that among the consequences of this shift to new highly distributed dissemination systems, will be a new emphasis on the provenance of data and metadata, and the need for information retrieval systems to permit users to factor in trust preferences about this information.…”

Section: Drivers For Provenancementioning

confidence: 99%

The Foundations for Provenance on the Web

Moreau¹

2010

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Provenance, i.e., the origin or source of something, is becoming an important concern, since it offers the means to verify data products, to infer their quality, to analyse the processes that led to them, and to decide whether they can be trusted. For instance, provenance enables the reproducibility of scientific results; provenance is necessary to track attribution and credit in curated databases; and, it is essential for reasoners to make trust judgements about the information they use over the Semantic Web. As the Web allows information sharing, discovery, aggregation, filtering and flow in an unprecedented manner, it also becomes very difficult to identify, reliably, the original source that produced an information item on the Web. Since the emerging use of provenance in niche applications is undoubtedly demonstrating the benefits of provenance, we contend that provenance can and should reliably be tracked and exploited on the Web, and we survey the necessary foundations to achieve such a vision. Using multiple data sources, we have compiled the largest bibliographical database on provenance so far. This large corpus allows us to analyse emerging trends in the research community. Specifically, using the CiteSpace tool, we identify clusters of papers that constitute research fronts, from which we derive characteristics that we use to structure our foundational framework for provenance on the Web. We note that such an endeavour requires a multidisciplinary approach, since it requires contributions from many computer science sub-disciplines, but also other non-technical fields given the human challenge that is anticipated. To develop our vision, it is necessary to provide a definition of provenance that applies to the Web context. Our conceptual definition of provenance is expressed in terms of processes, and is shown to generalise various definitions of provenance commonly encountered. Furthermore, by bringing realistic distributed systems assumptions, we refine our definition as a query over assertions made by processes. Given that the majority of work on provenance has been undertaken by the database, workflow and e-science communities, we review some of their work, contrasting approaches, and focusing on important topics we believe to be crucial for bringing provenance to the Web, such as abstraction, collections, storage, queries, workflow evolution, semantics and activities involving human interactions. However, provenance approaches developed in the context of databases and workflows essentially deal with closed systems. By that, we mean that workflow or database management systems are in full control of the data they manage, and track their provenance within their own scope, but not beyond. In the context of the Web, a broader approach is required by which chunks of provenance representation can be brought together to describe the provenance of information flowing across multiple systems. This is the specific purpose of the Open Provenance Vision, which is an approach that consists of controlled vocabula...

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“…For Wikipedia articles, he considered only whether the user who has edited an article is registered. As mentioned by Lynch, (2001), knowing the identity of the source of information is not enough; a study of the behavior must be carried out to evaluate the source.…”

Section: Ast Specificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward a computer study of the reliability of Arabic stories

Bounhas¹,

Elayeb²,

Evrard³

et al. 2010

J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci.

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The Arabic storytelling methodology provides solutions to the problem of information reliability.The reliability of a story depends on the credibility of its narrators. To insure reliability verification, the narrators' names are explicitly cited at the head of the story, which constitute its chain of narrators. Stories were reported from a generation to another to insure the reliable transmission of historical knowledge. We present a set of tools based on the Arabic storytelling methodology. We start by presenting this methodology as a set of principles for informationreliability assessment. Then, we detail an architecture designed to support the study of the reliability of Arabic stories. Indeed, we developed grammars for parsing Arabic full names and chains of narrators of Arabic stories. After that, an intelligent identity recognizer links names found in chains of narrators to the biographies of the corresponding persons. We model this step as a possibilistic information retrieval task. Finally, chains are analyzed through metadata available in biographies to help the user identify sources of unreliability. We propose to identify the class of reliability of a story with a possibilistic classifier. The achieved results in named entity and identity recognition were satisfactory and confirm to the targets set for the precision, recall, and F-measure metrics. The developed tools also

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When documents deceive: Trust and provenance as new factors for information retrieval in a tangled web

Cited by 43 publications

References 4 publications

The Information Context of Moral Rights Under the Copyright Regime

The Information Context of Moral Rights Under the Copyright Regime

The Foundations for Provenance on the Web

Toward a computer study of the reliability of Arabic stories

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