When Dental Enamel is Put to the Acid Test: Pretreatment Effects and Radiocarbon Dating

Hopkins, Rachel; Snoeck, Christophe; Higham, Thomas

doi:10.1017/rdc.2016.52

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Chemical pretreatment was done as described in ref. 42 to remove labile carbonates on crystal surfaces and grain boundaries. While the procedure is still far from being standardized, it is thought to provide a reliable terminus ante quem ( SI Appendix , section 3 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origins and genetic legacies of the Caribbean Taino

Schroeder

Sikora

Gopalakrishnan

et al. 2018

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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SignificanceAncient DNA has revolutionized the field of archaeology, but in the Caribbean and other tropical regions of the world, the work has been hampered by poor DNA preservation. We present an ancient human genome from the Caribbean and use it to shed light on the early peopling of the islands. We demonstrate that the ancestors of the so-called “Taino” who inhabited large parts of the Caribbean in pre-Columbian times originated in northern South America, and we find evidence that they had a comparatively large effective population size. We also show that the native components in some modern Caribbean genomes are closely related to the ancient Taino, suggesting that indigenous ancestry in the region has survived through the present day.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origins and genetic legacies of the Caribbean Taino

Schroeder

Sikora

Gopalakrishnan

et al. 2018

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…For bone and teeth samples, dating of collagen/dentin was preferred over bioapatite or mixed material. The reliability of bioapatite dating depends heavily on age and burial environment, and often provides dates that are too young (Hopkins et al 2016;Zazzo et al 2012;Zazzo and Saliège 2011). Both exogenous and endogenous carbon are present as carbonates (CO 3 ).…”

Section: Date Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Chronostratigraphy of El Mirón Cave, Cantabrian Spain

2021

Self Cite

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El Mirón is an important archaeological cave site in Cantabria (Spain) with a stratigraphy covering the late Middle Paleolithic to the Modern Period. The Magdalenian levels are especially rich in artifacts, faunal remains, and features, and included the burial of an adult female (“the Red Lady”), as well as other scattered human remains, while the Neolithic levels contained the oldest combined evidence of ceramics, domesticated grain and livestock in the region. However, in the absence of diagnostic artifacts in many levels that would always provide a traditional cultural chronology, radiocarbon dating has been essential in understanding the temporal framework for human activity at the site. Over the duration of more than two decades, the El Mirón Project has therefore obtained 93 radiocarbon dates, which cover the entire stratigraphic record as found in several different excavation areas. In light of the considerable methodological advances that radiocarbon dating has seen since 1996 we aim to evaluate the reliability of the published 14C record for El Mirón Cave, and to improve the accuracy of the radiocarbon based chronostratigraphy through Bayesian modeling. The results shed light on which dates may be used for future research and where dating discrepancies reflect taphonomic processes, thereby advancing intra-site and regional archaeological comparisons.

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“…Two published measurements on individuals CA-00-01 (Wk-26795) and CA-00-02 (Wk-26794) were excluded from the model because were measured on dental enamel (Table S1.2). Despite improving methods, dating and calibrating measurements on enamel is problematic (Hedges et al 1995;Hopkins et al 2016). Fortunately, both skeletons were also collagen dated (TO-10217 and TO-10216).…”

Section: Cabeço Da Arrudamentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronology of the Burial Activity of the Last Hunter-Gatherers in the Southwestern Iberian Peninsula, Portugal

Peyroteo-Stjerna

2020

Radiocarbon

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For most of human history, funerary burial has been unusual. Archaeology shows a shift in funerary practices in postglacial hunter-gatherers, in parts of Europe during the Late Mesolithic. This is documented by the burial grounds in the Tagus and Sado valleys in the southwestern Iberian Peninsula, Portugal, where ca. 376 burials were excavated. This study presents a chronology for the burial activity in these sites and contextualizes the start and end activity phases within regional environmental changes and cultural developments. The dataset consists of 76 14C dates on human bone (19 new, 57 published) including new dates from contexts in Portugal outside these valleys. Bayesian chronological models were defined in OxCal, and protein carbon contributions of marine foods were estimated by the Bayesian mixing model FRUITS. The results indicate a broader timeframe for the Late Mesolithic in Portugal, than previously suggested, starting during a period of significant environmental changes, ca. 8500–8300 cal BP, and ending ca. 7000 cal BP. The burial activity decreased during the establishment of Neolithic farmers in southwestern Iberia from ca. 7450 cal BP, however, these burial grounds continued to be used by Mesolithic hunter-gatherers, showing that diverse social structures and worldviews coexisted for several generations.

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When Dental Enamel is Put to the Acid Test: Pretreatment Effects and Radiocarbon Dating

Cited by 11 publications

References 41 publications

Origins and genetic legacies of the Caribbean Taino

Origins and genetic legacies of the Caribbean Taino

Assessing the Chronostratigraphy of El Mirón Cave, Cantabrian Spain

Chronology of the Burial Activity of the Last Hunter-Gatherers in the Southwestern Iberian Peninsula, Portugal

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