When adult cancers occur in children

Ferrari, Andrea; Sultan, Iyad

doi:10.1586/era.10.74

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…For adult-type cancers in children, one strategic option would be to refer to an adult oncology facility. This might be more suitable in an older adolescent77.…”

Section: Rare Childhood Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare cancers: Challenges & issues

Pillai

Jayasree

2017

Indian J Med Res

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Rare cancers account for about 22 per cent of all cancers diagnosed worldwide, disproportionately affecting some demographic groups, with an occurrence of less than 6 per 100,000 individuals annually. Many rare cancers in adults, adolescents and children are not curable, and patients and care providers have little option to take therapeutic decisions. The epidemiology of rare cancers is a challenging area of study but is inadequately addressed. Despite efforts mainly in some European nations, a few improvements have been observed in the management of rare cancers. Reasons for this obvious stagnation are multifactorial and are mainly inherent to logistical difficulties in carrying out clinical trials in very small patient populations, hesitation of the pharmaceutical industry to spend in small markets and complexity in creating adequate information for the development of cost-effective drugs. Rare cancers also face specific challenges that include late and incorrect diagnosis, lack of clinical expertise and lack of research interest and development of new therapies. The utilization of nationally representative study findings for the patients’ evaluation may possibly offer chances to find out pathogenesis and prevalence, and this will eventually lead to control and prevention. Currently, advancing targeted therapies offer a great opportunity for the better management of rare cancers. Conducting clinical trials with small patient population, innovative clinical trial approach, prevailing controlling obstacles for international cooperation and financial support for research are the present challenges for rare cancers. The International Rare Cancers Initiative functions as a main platform for achieving new international clinical trials in rare tumours. This review delineates the current challenges and issues in the interpretation, management and research scenarios of rare cancers.

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“…For adult-type cancers in children, one strategic option would be to refer to an adult oncology facility. This might be more suitable in an older adolescent77.…”

Section: Rare Childhood Cancersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare cancers: Challenges & issues

Pillai

Jayasree

2017

Indian J Med Res

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“…56 In addition, long-term therapy-associated morbidity has a stronger impact on the treatment of pediatric patients than in adults. 57 Therefore, an interdisciplinary network of childhood and adult cancer experts like the European Cooperative Study Group for Pediatric Rare Tumors (EXPeRT) is needed to ensure optimal treatment of these tumors in childhood according to the latest clinical experience and research findings. Furthermore, evidence-based pediatric guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of primary lung malignancies must be developed in future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidences and characteristics of primary lung malignancies in childhood in Germany: An analysis of population‐based data from German cancer registries

Abele

Voggel

Bremensdorfer

et al. 2022

Pediatric Blood & Cancer

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Background: Primary lung malignancies are a heterogeneous group of cancers that occur very rarely in childhood. Due to limited knowledge of their epidemiologic and clinical features, these tumors present a challenge to the treating physicians. This study aimed to increase the knowledge about the occurrence of primary lung malignancies in childhood in Germany. Materials and methods: Pseudonymized data of cases recorded at the German Centerfor Cancer Registry Data (ZfKD) between 1990 and 2017 were retrieved. Primary lung malignancies were identified using the ICD-and ICD-O classification. Numbers were compared to those reported to the German Childhood Cancer Registry (GCCR). Crude incidence rates were calculated using the ZfKD database.Results: A total of 168 patients diagnosed with primary lung malignancies in the age below 19 years were identified from the ZfKD. The median age at diagnosis was 13 years. The most common tumor entities were lung carcinoids (n = 49), lung carcinoma (n = 36), and pleuropulmonary blastoma (n = 14). An unexpected accumulation of lung cancer cases was noted in the first year of life without a clearly specified histopathological diagnosis. A substantial discrepancy in the numbers of primary lung malignancies between ZfKD and GCCR was found. Conclusions:We present population-based data on the occurrence of primary childhood lung malignancies in Germany, which were more frequent than previously anticipated but likely remained underreported. For better understanding and optimal treatment of these entities, cancer registration needs to be improved through mandatory

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“…Moreover, long-term treatment-associated morbidity has a much stronger impact on children compared to elderly patients [ 14 ]. Therefore, standards of diagnosis and treatment of certain malignancies should not simply be transferred from adults to children [ 15 ]. It is important to develop close collaboration between pediatric and adult specialists on certain cancer entities to ensure the best treatment possible for children suffering from rare cancers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare pediatric tumors in Germany – not as rare as expected: a study based on data from the Bavarian Cancer Registry and the German Childhood Cancer Registry

et al. 2022

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Very rare pediatric tumors (VRTs) pose a challenge for treating physicians as little is known about the best diagnostic assessment and therapeutic decision-making in these malignancies. A large proportion of these cancers occur in adolescence. Therefore, the established structures of pediatric oncology including cancer registration may partly be circumvented. This may lead to an underregistration in clinical cancer registries of yet unclear extent. The aim of this study is to increase the knowledge on the occurrence of VRTs in pediatric patients in Germany. Pseudonymized data of cases recorded in the Bavarian Cancer Registry (BCR) between 2002 and 2014 were retrieved. VRTs according to the definition of the European Cooperative Study Group for Pediatric Rare Tumors were identified using the ICD and ICD-O classification. The numbers of registered patients were compared to those reported to the German Childhood Cancer Registry (GCCR). 6.3% (n = 290) of all malignancies (n = 4615) in the age below 18 years were classified as VRTs. Median age at diagnosis was 15 years (range 0–17 years). The most common tumor types included malignant melanoma, skin carcinoma, and gonadal tumors. During the same period, 49 pediatric patients from Bavaria with matchable VRTs were reported to the GCCR, accounting for 17% of cases reported to the BCR.Conclusions: The frequency of VRTs in Germany is underestimated in the national GCCR. With this study, we present population-based data on the incidence of VRTs in Germany for the first time. In order to gain additional knowledge about these malignancies, registration of VRTs must be improved through enhanced data exchange between the GCCR, the public cancer registries, and the clinical Registry for Rare Pediatric Tumors (STEP). What is Known:• Rare pediatric tumors pose a challenge for treating physicians as limited knowledge is available on these malignancies for diagnostic and therapeutic decision-making.• Little is known about the frequency of these rare tumors in pediatric patients. What is New:• The frequency of rare pediatric tumors in Germany is distinctly underestimated in the German Childhood Cancer Registry.• We present population-based data on the incidence of these rare pediatric cancers for the first time.

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When adult cancers occur in children

Cited by 10 publications

References 13 publications

Rare cancers: Challenges & issues

Rare cancers: Challenges & issues

Incidences and characteristics of primary lung malignancies in childhood in Germany: An analysis of population‐based data from German cancer registries

Rare pediatric tumors in Germany – not as rare as expected: a study based on data from the Bavarian Cancer Registry and the German Childhood Cancer Registry

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